Department of Dentistry & Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan.
Department of Advanced Prosthodontics, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan.
Gerodontology. 2022 Mar;39(1):26-32. doi: 10.1111/ger.12603. Epub 2021 Nov 2.
The purpose of this study was to examine the frequency of oral hypofunction in community-dwelling older people and determine its relationship with frailty and sarcopenia.
Previous studies have shown that frailty and sarcopenia are associated with decreased oral function. However, these studies have only evaluated frailty or sarcopenia alone and have not evaluated their relationship with each other.
The participants were community-dwelling independent older people in Kyoto. Their oral function evaluation included seven items (oral hygiene, oral dryness, occlusal force, tongue-lip motor function, tongue pressure, masticatory function and swallowing function). Oral hypofunction was defined as abnormalities in at least three of these items. The frailty status was classified into three categories (robust, pre-frail and frail) according to the frailty phenotype and deficit-accumulation models. Sarcopenia was defined according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) Consensus. The relationships between oral function and frailty were analysed using logistic regression analyses, after adjusting for sarcopenia.
Among the 340 participants that were analysed (69 men, 271 women; average age: 75.0 years), 182 (53.5%) had oral hypofunction (40 men, 142 women; average age: 76.8 years). There was a significant relationship between oral hypofunction and deficit-accumulation model-assessed frailty, after adjusting for sarcopenia.
Almost half of the community-dwelling older people have oral hypofunction, which is significantly related to comprehensive frailty and sarcopenia.
本研究旨在调查社区居住的老年人中口腔功能低下的发生频率，并确定其与虚弱和肌少症的关系。
先前的研究表明，虚弱和肌少症与口腔功能下降有关。然而，这些研究仅评估了虚弱或肌少症单独存在的情况，而没有评估它们之间的关系。
参与者为京都社区居住的独立老年人。他们的口腔功能评估包括 7 项内容（口腔卫生、口腔干燥、咬合力量、唇舌运动功能、舌压、咀嚼功能和吞咽功能）。口腔功能低下定义为至少有三项异常。虚弱状态根据虚弱表型和缺陷累积模型分为三类（健康、虚弱前期和虚弱）。肌少症根据亚洲肌少症工作组（AWGS）共识定义。在调整肌少症后，使用逻辑回归分析口腔功能与虚弱之间的关系。
在分析的 340 名参与者中（69 名男性，271 名女性；平均年龄：75.0 岁），182 名（53.5%）有口腔功能低下（40 名男性，142 名女性；平均年龄：76.8 岁）。在调整肌少症后，口腔功能低下与缺陷累积模型评估的虚弱显著相关。
近一半的社区居住老年人有口腔功能低下，这与综合虚弱和肌少症显著相关。
