Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Travel Clinic, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Travel Med Infect Dis. 2021 Nov-Dec;44:102194. doi: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2021.102194. Epub 2021 Oct 30.
While measles vaccination is widely implemented in national immunisation programmes, measles incidence rates are increasing worldwide. Dutch inhabitants who were born between 1965-1975 may have fallen between two stools, lacking protection from a natural infection, and having missed the introduction of the measles vaccination schedule. With this study we aim to find the measles seroprevalence in travellers born between 1965 and 1975, compared to those born before 1965 and after 1975.
Families travelling to Eastern Europe or outside Europe during the preceding year were recruited via Dutch secondary schools between 2016 and 2018. Their vaccination status was assessed using questionnaires, vaccination records and measles serology in dried blood spot (DBS) eluates. Measles virus antibody concentrations were determined with an ELISA (EUROIMMUNE®) and a subset was retested with a focus reduction neutralization assay (FRNT).
In 188 (79%) of the 239 available DBS eluates, the ELISA could detect sufficient measles virus-specific IgG antibodies. Of the negative samples that were retested with FRNT, 85% remained negative, resulting in an overall seroprevalence of 82% [95% CI 76-86]. Children had a lower seroprevalence (72%) than adults (87%). Travellers born between 1965 and 1975 were protected in 89%.
In this study, we report a measles seroprevalence of 82% among Dutch travelling families. Remarkably, seroprevalence rates were lowest in children (12-18 years) instead of travellers born between 1965 and 1975. Although a fraction of people without detectable antibodies may be protected by other immune mechanisms, these data suggest that measles (re)vaccination should be considered for travellers to endemic regions.
尽管麻疹疫苗接种已在国家免疫规划中广泛实施，但全球麻疹发病率仍在上升。1965-1975 年出生的荷兰居民可能处于两难境地，他们既未能通过自然感染获得保护，也错过了麻疹疫苗接种计划的引入。本研究旨在比较 1965 年至 1975 年出生的旅行者与 1965 年之前和 1975 年之后出生的旅行者的麻疹血清流行率。
通过荷兰中学，于 2016 年至 2018 年期间招募前往东欧或欧洲以外地区旅行的家庭。通过问卷调查、疫苗接种记录和干血斑（DBS）洗脱液中的麻疹血清学检测评估其疫苗接种状况。使用 ELISA（EUROIMMUNE®）测定麻疹病毒抗体浓度，并对一部分样本进行焦点减少中和试验（FRNT）复测。
在 239 份可获得的 DBS 洗脱液中，188 份（79%）的 ELISA 可检测到足够的麻疹病毒特异性 IgG 抗体。在 FRNT 复测的阴性样本中，85%仍为阴性，总血清阳性率为 82%[95%CI 76-86]。儿童的血清阳性率（72%）低于成人（87%）。1965-1975 年出生的旅行者中有 89%受到保护。
在本研究中，我们报告了荷兰旅行家庭的麻疹血清阳性率为 82%。值得注意的是，血清阳性率最低的是儿童（12-18 岁），而不是 1965-1975 年出生的旅行者。尽管一部分未检测到抗体的人群可能通过其他免疫机制受到保护，但这些数据表明，应考虑对前往流行地区的旅行者进行麻疹（再）疫苗接种。
