Binkowska Alicja Anna, Jakubowska Natalia, Krystecka Klaudia, Galant Natalia, Piotrowska-Cyplik Agnieszka, Brzezicka Aneta
SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Warsaw, Poland.
Polish-Japanese Academy of Information Technology, Warsaw, Poland.
Front Hum Neurosci. 2021 Oct 18;15:740277. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.740277. eCollection 2021.
Impairments in various subdomains of memory have been associated with chronic cannabis use, but less is known about their neural underpinnings, especially in the domain of the brain's oscillatory activity. To investigate neural oscillatory activity supporting working memory (WM) in regular cannabis users and non-using controls. We focused our analyses on frontal midline theta and posterior alpha asymmetry as oscillatory fingerprints for the WM's maintenance process. 30 non-using controls (CG) and 57 regular cannabis users-27 exclusive cannabis users (CU) and 30 polydrug cannabis users (PU) completed a Sternberg modified WM task with a concurrent electroencephalography recording. Theta, alpha and beta frequency bands were examined during WM maintenance. When compared to non-using controls, the PU group displayed increased frontal midline theta (FMT) power during WM maintenance, which was positively correlated with RT. The posterior alpha asymmetry during the maintenance phase, on the other hand, was negatively correlated with RT in the CU group. WM performance did not differ between groups. Both groups of cannabis users (CU and PU), when compared to the control group, displayed differences in oscillatory activity during WM maintenance, unique for each group (in CU posterior alpha and in PU FMT correlated with performance). We interpret those differences as a reflection of compensatory strategies, as there were no differences between groups in task performance. Understanding the psychophysiological processes in regular cannabis users may provide insight on how chronic use may affect neural networks underlying cognitive processes, however, a polydrug use context (i.e., combining cannabis with other illegal substances) seems to be an important factor.
记忆的各个子领域的损伤已与长期使用大麻相关联，但对于其神经基础了解较少，尤其是在大脑振荡活动领域。为了研究支持经常使用大麻者和不使用大麻的对照组工作记忆（WM）的神经振荡活动。我们将分析重点放在额中线θ波和后α波不对称性上，将其作为工作记忆维持过程的振荡指纹。30名不使用大麻的对照组（CG）和57名经常使用大麻者——27名单独使用大麻者（CU）和30名使用多种毒品的大麻使用者（PU）完成了一项经修改的斯特恩伯格工作记忆任务，并同时进行脑电图记录。在工作记忆维持期间检查了θ波、α波和β波频段。与不使用大麻的对照组相比，PU组在工作记忆维持期间额中线θ波（FMT）功率增加，且与反应时间呈正相关。另一方面，在维持阶段，CU组的后α波不对称性与反应时间呈负相关。各组之间的工作记忆表现没有差异。与对照组相比，两组大麻使用者（CU和PU）在工作记忆维持期间的振荡活动均存在差异，每组各有独特表现（CU组的后α波和PU组的FMT与表现相关）。由于各组在任务表现上没有差异，我们将这些差异解释为补偿策略的反映。了解经常使用大麻者的心理生理过程可能有助于深入了解长期使用大麻如何影响认知过程背后的神经网络，然而，使用多种毒品的情况（即大麻与其他非法物质混合使用）似乎是一个重要因素。
