Polymorphisms Confer Risk of Anti-CCP-Positive Rheumatoid Arthritis in Synergy With and Smoking.

Peptidylarginine deiminases (PADs) catalyze citrullination, a post-translational modification playing a pathogenic role in anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA)-positive rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The interplay between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the genes and known risk factors for ACPA-positive RA, including smoking, HLA-DR4 and -1, and the PTPN22 R620W polymorphism, was investigated. We typed four SNPs, four SNPs, and the PTPN22 R620W SNP in 445 Danish RA patients and 533 age-matched healthy controls, as well as in 200 North American RA patients and 100 age- and sex-matched controls. The locus was typed in the Danish cohort. Logistic regression analyses, adjusted for age, sex, smoking status, and PTPN22 R620W, revealed increased risk of anti-CCP-positive RA in carriers of rs11203367(T) (OR: 1.22, p=0.03) and reduced risk in carriers of rs2240335(A) in (OR: 0.82, p=0.04). rs74058715(T) in conferred reduced risk of anti-CCP-negative RA (OR: 0.38, p=0.003). In -positive individuals, specifically, the risk of anti-CCP-positive RA was increased by carriage of rs1748033(T) (OR: 1.54, p=0.007) and decreased by carriage of rs74058715(T) (OR: 0.44, p=0.01), and we observed an interaction between these SNPs and (p=0.004 and p=0.008, respectively) Thus, polymorphisms associate with ACPA-positive RA, particularly in -positive individuals, and with ACPA-negative RA independently of -.