Masjoan Juncos Juan Xavier, Shakil Shazia, Ahmad Aamir, Mariappan Nithya, Zafar Iram, Bradley Wayne E, Dell'Italia Louis J, Ahmad Aftab, Ahmad Shama
Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
Toxicol Res (Camb). 2021 Aug 27;10(5):1064-1073. doi: 10.1093/toxres/tfab079. eCollection 2021 Oct.
Accidental occupational bromine (Br>) exposures are common, leading to significant morbidity and mortality; however, the specific effects of Br> inhalation in female victims are unclear. Our studies demonstrated that acute high-concentration Br> inhalation is fatal, and cardiac injury and dysfunction play an important role in Br> toxicity in males. In this study, we exposed female Sprague Dawley rats, age-matched to those males from previously studied, to 600 ppm Br> for 45 min and assessed their survival, cardiopulmonary injury and cardiac function after exposure. Br> exposure caused serious mortality in female rats (59%) 48 h after exposure. Rats had severe clinical distress, reduced heart rates and oxygen saturation after Br> inhalation as was previously reported with male animals. There was significant lung injury and edema when measured 24 h after exposure. Cardiac injury biomarkers were also significantly elevated 24 h after Br> inhalation. Echocardiography and hemodynamic studies were also performed and revealed that the mean arterial pressure was not significantly elevated in females. Other functional cardiac parameters were also altered. Aside from the lack of elevation of blood pressure, all other changes observed in female animals were also present in male animals as reported in our previous study. These studies are important to understand the toxicity mechanisms to generate therapies and better-equip first responders to deal with these specific scenarios after bromine spill disasters.>.
职业性意外溴（Br₂）暴露很常见，会导致严重的发病和死亡；然而，女性受害者吸入Br₂的具体影响尚不清楚。我们的研究表明，急性高浓度吸入Br₂是致命的，心脏损伤和功能障碍在男性Br₂中毒中起重要作用。在本研究中，我们将与先前研究中的雄性大鼠年龄匹配的雌性斯普拉格-道利大鼠暴露于600 ppm的Br₂中45分钟，并在暴露后评估它们的存活率、心肺损伤和心脏功能。Br₂暴露导致雌性大鼠在暴露后48小时出现严重死亡（59%）。与之前报道的雄性动物一样，大鼠在吸入Br₂后出现严重的临床窘迫、心率和血氧饱和度降低。暴露24小时后测量发现有明显的肺损伤和水肿。吸入Br₂后24小时心脏损伤生物标志物也显著升高。还进行了超声心动图和血流动力学研究，结果显示雌性大鼠的平均动脉压没有显著升高。其他心脏功能参数也发生了改变。除了血压没有升高外，雌性动物中观察到的所有其他变化在我们之前的研究中也在雄性动物中出现过。这些研究对于理解毒性机制以开发治疗方法以及更好地装备急救人员以应对溴泄漏灾难后的这些特定情况很重要。
