Robert J. Tomsich Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA; email:
Annu Rev Pathol. 2022 Jan 24;17:323-344. doi: 10.1146/annurev-pathol-042220-021510. Epub 2021 Nov 4.
Over the past three to four decades, the molecular pathogenesis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) has been elucidated in great detail. In this review, we discuss the biological genesis of GISTs, identification of the various primary activating driver mutations (focusing on and ), oncogene addiction and targeted therapies with imatinib and other tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and the subsequent characterization of the various mechanisms of drug resistance. We illustrate how GIST has become a quintessential paradigm for personalized medicine.
在过去的三、四十年中，胃肠道间质瘤（GIST）的分子发病机制已被详细阐明。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了 GIST 的生物学起源、各种主要激活驱动突变的鉴定（重点关注 和 ）、致癌基因成瘾和伊马替尼及其他酪氨酸激酶抑制剂的靶向治疗，以及随后对各种耐药机制的描述。我们举例说明了 GIST 如何成为个性化医学的典型范例。
