Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 166, 02-787, Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Animal Genetics and Conservation, Institute of Animal Sciences, University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786, Warsaw, Poland.
BMC Vet Res. 2021 Nov 4;17(1):345. doi: 10.1186/s12917-021-03057-8.
The European bison is an endangered species, and as such it is extremely important to monitor herds for pathogens which can lead to reproductive failure. The aim of the present study was to determine the current prevalence of antibodies to pathogens known to potentially influence reproduction in European bison. Serum samples from 183 bison, originating from different parts of Poland, were tested using commercial ELISA tests for antibodies to Chlamydia spp., Coxiella burnetti, Leptospira interrogans, Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii; the findings were compared between captive and main free-ranging herds, and with regard to the influence of demographic factors such as age and sex. The prevalence of seropositivity was also checked with regard to location and the animal species sharing it.
Chlamydia spp. antibodies were present in 48 out of 130 (36.9%) tested samples. Coxiella burnetii was found in one sample out of 178 (0.58%). N. caninum in 36 out of 172 (20.9%) and T. gondii in 23 out of 172 (13.4%). No sample was positive for leptospirosis. Neither sex nor age appeared to have a significant effect on the occurrence of antibodies to the identified species. The prevalence of Chlamydia spp. in the samples varied significantly according to location; however, similar frequency ranges were observed between free ranging and captive herds. In contrast, antibodies to N. caninum were more common in free-ranging herds than captive herds, with the highest frequency observed in the Bieszczady Mountains.
Chlamydia spp., N. caninum and T. gondii might have a similar impact on the reproductive potential of European bison as they have on cattle. The high occurrence of antibodies to N. caninum in bison from the Bieszczady Mountains may be associated with the relatively high density of the wolf population in the area.
欧洲野牛是一种濒危物种，因此监测其体内可能导致繁殖失败的病原体至关重要。本研究旨在确定目前已知可能影响欧洲野牛繁殖的病原体的抗体流行率。使用商业 ELISA 检测试剂盒对来自波兰不同地区的 183 头野牛血清样本进行了检测，用于检测衣原体、柯克斯体、钩端螺旋体、刚地弓形虫和新孢子虫的抗体；比较了圈养和主要自由放养牛群之间的检测结果，并考虑了年龄和性别等人口因素的影响。还检查了抗体流行率与地理位置和共享该种动物的物种之间的关系。
在 130 个检测样本中，有 48 个（36.9%）样本存在衣原体抗体。在 178 个样本中，有 1 个样本（0.58%）存在柯克斯体抗体。在 172 个样本中，有 36 个（20.9%）存在刚地弓形虫抗体，有 23 个（13.4%）存在新孢子虫抗体。没有样本对钩端螺旋体呈阳性。性别和年龄似乎对鉴定物种抗体的出现没有显著影响。样本中衣原体的流行率根据地理位置有显著差异；然而，自由放养和圈养牛群之间观察到的频率范围相似。相反，刚地弓形虫抗体在自由放养牛群中比圈养牛群更常见，在比斯卡比亚山脉观察到的频率最高。
衣原体、新孢子虫和刚地弓形虫可能对欧洲野牛的繁殖潜力产生与对牛相同的影响。比斯卡比亚山脉野牛中刚地弓形虫抗体的高发生率可能与该地区狼的相对高密度有关。
