Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University, Haining, China.
Infection Medicine, Deanery of Biomedical Sciences, Edinburgh Medical School, College of Medicine & Veterinary Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom.
Front Public Health. 2021 Oct 12;9:729973. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.729973. eCollection 2021.
Effective and sustainable control of the Neglected Zoonoses (NZDs) demands a One Health approach. NZDs largely impact on individuals in low- and middle-income countries, disproportionally affecting resource poor communities with poor access to veterinary and human health services and to clean water and which are intrinsically dependent on animals for their livelihoods. Many NZDs in humans can be treated, but treatment is often complex and expensive. Similarly, while tools for prevention of transmission may exist, they are complex and expensive to adopt at the scale required to be effective. The cost of intervention for NZDs is high when compared to the public health benefits alone, but costs are easily outweighed by full cross sector analysis and when monetary and non-monetary benefits to all stakeholders are considered. Education is a key tool, often overlooked in favor of more complex solutions for the control of NZDs. Successful education programs have been targeted to children of school age for in Kenya, schistosomiasis in Nigeria, and soil transmitted helminths in China. A Snakes and Ladders board game, designed to teach children about schistosomiasis and encourage compliance with mass deworming programs, deployed in Nigerian schools, showed a 67% increase in knowledge of praziquantel and 65% of children who had previously rejected treatment requested the drug at school. For soil transmitted helminths in China, presentation of health information in cartoon format rather than in poster format, showed post-assessment knowledge to be 90% higher. With the rise in affordable smart-phone technology, internet access and airtime in communities in low- and middle- income countries e-education is an increasingly attractive proposition as an intervention tool for the NZDs. The Vicious Worm, a computer based educational health tool that has been designed around the prevention of has shown remarkable efficacy in affected communities in which it has been deployed with participants applying the principles learned in their communities. This review explores the successes and benefits of education as a control tool for the NZDs.
有效和可持续地控制被忽视的人畜共患病（NZD）需要采取一种“同一健康”的方法。NZD 主要影响低收入和中等收入国家的个人，不成比例地影响资源匮乏的社区，这些社区获得兽医和人类卫生服务以及清洁水的机会有限，并且其生计本质上依赖于动物。许多人类 NZD 是可以治疗的，但治疗往往很复杂且昂贵。同样，尽管可能存在预防传播的工具，但在需要有效的规模下采用这些工具既复杂又昂贵。与公共卫生效益相比，NZD 的干预成本很高，但在进行全面的跨部门分析并考虑所有利益相关者的货币和非货币利益时，成本很容易被抵消。教育是一种关键工具，在控制 NZD 方面，它往往被忽视，而倾向于更复杂的解决方案。在肯尼亚，针对学龄儿童开展了成功的教育计划，以控制血吸虫病和土壤传播性蠕虫；在尼日利亚，针对儿童开展了蛇梯棋游戏，以教育他们了解血吸虫病并鼓励他们遵守大规模驱虫计划；在中国，以卡通形式呈现卫生信息而不是海报形式，结果表明，接受教育的儿童对吡喹酮的了解增加了 67%，以前拒绝治疗的儿童中有 65%在学校要求服用该药。在中国，以卡通形式呈现卫生信息而不是海报形式，结果表明，接受教育的儿童对吡喹酮的了解增加了 67%，以前拒绝治疗的儿童中有 65%在学校要求服用该药。在中国，以卡通形式呈现卫生信息而不是海报形式，结果表明，接受教育的儿童对吡喹酮的了解增加了 67%，以前拒绝治疗的儿童中有 65%在学校要求服用该药。对于中国的土壤传播性蠕虫，以卡通形式呈现健康信息而不是海报形式，表明接受教育后的知识水平提高了 90%。随着中低收入国家社区中负担得起的智能手机技术、互联网接入和通话时间的增加，电子教育作为 NZD 的一种干预工具，越来越具有吸引力。“邪恶蠕虫”是一种基于计算机的教育健康工具，旨在预防绦虫病，它在已部署该工具的受影响社区中显示出了显著的效果，参与者将所学知识应用于社区中。本综述探讨了教育作为 NZD 控制工具的成功和益处。
