Virus and Phytoplasma Research Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, 12619, Egypt.
Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
Arch Virol. 2022 Jan;167(1):85-97. doi: 10.1007/s00705-021-05280-y. Epub 2021 Nov 5.
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are a potentially effective tool for preventing viral plant diseases. This study was carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of AgNPs for managing bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV) disease in faba bean plants from the plant-virus-vector interaction side. AgNPs were evaluated as foliar protective and curative agents. In addition, the effect of AgNPs on virus acquisition and transmission by its vector aphid was investigated. The results indicated that AgNPs exhibited curative viricidal activity and were able to inactivate BYMV when applied 48 hours after virus inoculation. The occurrence of disease was prevented using an AgNP concentration as low as 100 mg L, whereas virus infection was completely inhibited when plants were preventatively treated with AgNPs at a concentration of to 200 mg L 24 h before virus inoculation. AgNPs proved to be highly bio-reactive, binding to viral particles and suppressing their replication and accumulation within plant tissues. Moreover, AgNPs, at all concentrations tested, were found to upregulate the pathogenesis-related gene PR-1 and induce the production of defense-related oxidizing enzymes in treated plants. Exposure of aphids to AgNPs-treated plants before virus acquisition reduced BYMV acquisition and transmission efficiency by 40.65 to 100% at 24 h post-application, depending on the AgNP dosage. At 10 days after treatment, virus acquisition was reduced by 36.82% and 79.64% upon exposure to AgNPs at a concentration of 250 and 300 mg L-, respectively. These results suggest that AgNPs have curative viricidal activity due to targeting the virus coat protein and affecting virus-vector interactions. Accordingly, AgNPs may contribute to alleviating the natural disease and virus transmission under field conditions. This is the first report on the activity of nanomaterials against plant virus acquisition and transmission by insects.
银纳米粒子（AgNPs）是一种预防植物病毒病的有效工具。本研究从植物-病毒-介体互作的角度出发，评估 AgNPs 对菜豆黄花叶病毒（BYMV）病的防治效果。AgNPs 被评估为叶面保护和治疗剂。此外，还研究了 AgNPs 对其介体蚜虫获取和传播病毒的影响。结果表明，AgNPs 具有治疗性的杀病毒活性，在病毒接种后 48 小时施用时能够使 BYMV 失活。AgNP 的浓度低至 100mg/L 就可以预防疾病的发生，而当植物在病毒接种前 24 小时用 200mg/L 的 AgNPs 进行预防性处理时，病毒感染完全被抑制。AgNPs 表现出高度的生物反应性，与病毒颗粒结合，抑制其在植物组织内的复制和积累。此外，在所有测试浓度下，AgNPs 都能上调病程相关基因 PR-1，并诱导处理植物产生防御相关的氧化酶。蚜虫在获取病毒之前接触 AgNPs 处理过的植物，在施用后 24 小时，取决于 AgNP 的剂量，BYMV 的获取和传播效率降低了 40.65%至 100%。处理后 10 天，当蚜虫接触浓度为 250 和 300mg/L 的 AgNPs 时，病毒获取量分别降低了 36.82%和 79.64%。这些结果表明，AgNPs 通过靶向病毒外壳蛋白并影响病毒-介体相互作用，具有治疗性的杀病毒活性。因此，AgNPs 可能有助于减轻田间条件下的自然病害和病毒传播。这是首次报道纳米材料对昆虫获取和传播植物病毒的活性。
