人脐带间充质干细胞片移植治疗股骨头骨软骨缺损：大鼠实验研究
Treatment of Osteochondral Femoral Head Defect by Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell Sheet Transplantation: An Experimental Study in Rats.
作者信息
Le Thuan Minh, Vu Ngoc Bich, Huynh Phat Duc, Van Pham Phuc
机构信息
Laboratory of Stem Cell Research and Application, University of Science Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
出版信息
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2021 Nov 6. doi: 10.1007/5584_2021_671.
INTRODUCTION
Articular cartilage is limited in self-repair following injuries due to avascular, lymphatic, and nerve absence. Recent treatments for cartilage injuries, such as physical therapy, anti-inflammatory medication, chondrocyte implantation, and joint replacement, still have limitations. This study aimed to evaluate the treatment efficacy of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell sheet (UCMSCS) transplantation in rat models of the osteochondral femoral head defect.
METHODS
Models of osteochondral femoral head defect were produced in rats by drilling in order to reach the femoral bone tissue through the cartilage layer. Then, UCMSCS was implanted in the created cartilage lesion. The treatment efficacy was monitored by X-ray imaging. The cartilage regeneration was evaluated based on the hematoxylin and eosin staining, and proteoglycan accumulation was detected by staining Safranin O and Fast Green. The physiological, weight, or movement activity of rats were recorded during the treatment period.
RESULTS
UCMSCS transplantation showed positive effects on the cartilage regeneration in osteochondral femoral head defect grade 4 (according to ICRS score/grade). Particularly, after 12 weeks of implantation of UCMSCS, the defect was filled with hyaline cartilage-like cells and accumulated a large density of proteoglycan. The osteochondral defect score significantly increased in the treated rats compared to the untreated rats (11.67 ± 0.6 and 9.67 ± 0.6, respectively) (p < 0.05). The histological score also increased in treated rats compared to untreated rats (21.33 ± 1.53 vs. 18.00 ± 1.00) (p < 0.0001). The accumulation of proteoglycan was higher in treated rats (20.50 ± 2.23) than untreated rats (5.38 ± 0.36) (p < 0.05). There was no change in the physiological activities between treated and untreated rats recorded during the study.
CONCLUSION
MSCS transplantation could promote regeneration in advanced cartilage injury.
引言
由于缺乏血管、淋巴管和神经，关节软骨损伤后的自我修复能力有限。目前针对软骨损伤的治疗方法，如物理治疗、抗炎药物、软骨细胞植入和关节置换，仍存在局限性。本研究旨在评估人脐带间充质干细胞片（UCMSCS）移植在大鼠股骨头软骨下骨缺损模型中的治疗效果。
方法
通过钻孔在大鼠身上制造股骨头软骨下骨缺损模型，以穿透软骨层到达股骨骨组织。然后，将UCMSCS植入所形成的软骨损伤处。通过X射线成像监测治疗效果。基于苏木精和伊红染色评估软骨再生情况，通过番红O和固绿染色检测蛋白聚糖的积累。在治疗期间记录大鼠的生理、体重或运动活动情况。
结果
UCMSCS移植对4级股骨头软骨下骨缺损（根据国际软骨修复协会评分/分级）的软骨再生显示出积极效果。特别是，在植入UCMSCS 12周后，缺损处充满了透明软骨样细胞，并积累了大量的蛋白聚糖。与未治疗的大鼠相比，治疗组大鼠的软骨下骨缺损评分显著增加（分别为11.67±0.6和9.67±0.6）（p<0.05）。与未治疗的大鼠相比，治疗组大鼠的组织学评分也有所增加（21.33±1.53对18.00±1.00）（p<0.0001）。治疗组大鼠的蛋白聚糖积累量（20.50±2.23）高于未治疗的大鼠（5.38±0.36）（p<0.05）。在研究期间记录的治疗组和未治疗组大鼠的生理活动没有变化。
结论
间充质干细胞移植可促进晚期软骨损伤的再生。
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