Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Department of Anaesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
J Clin Virol. 2021 Dec;145:105000. doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2021.105000. Epub 2021 Oct 20.
Reports of co-circulation of respiratory viruses during the COVID-19 pandemic and co-infections with SARS-CoV-2 vary. However, limited information is available from developing countries.
We aimed to investigate the incidence of respiratory viruses in adult patients with suspected COVID-19 in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
We collected 198 respiratory samples from adult patients hospitalized with suspected COVID-19 in a single teaching hospital in Kuala Lumpur in February-May 2020 and tested combined oro-nasopharyngeal swabs with the NxTAG Respiratory Pathogen Panel (Luminex) and Allplex RV Essential (Seegene) assays. Forty-five negative samples further underwent viral metagenomics analysis.
Of the 198 samples, 74 (37.4%) had respiratory pathogens, including 56 (28.3%) with SARS-CoV-2 and 18 (9.1%) positive for other respiratory pathogens. There were five (2.5%) SARS-CoV-2 co-infections, all with rhinovirus/enterovirus. Three samples (6.7%; 3/45) had viruses identified by metagenomics, including one case of enterovirus D68 and one of Saffold virus genotype 6 in a patient requiring ICU care. Most of the COVID-19 patients (91.1%; 51/56) had mild symptoms but 5.4% (3/56) died.
During the early COVID-19 period, common respiratory viruses other than SARS-CoV-2 only accounted for 9.1% of hospitalization cases with ARI and co-infections with SARS-CoV-2 were rare. Continued surveillance is important to understand the impact of COVID-19 and its associated public health control measures on circulation of other respiratory viruses. Metagenomics can identify unexpected or rare pathogens, such as Saffold virus, which is rarely described in adults.
在 COVID-19 大流行期间，呼吸道病毒的共同传播以及与 SARS-CoV-2 的合并感染报告各不相同。然而，来自发展中国家的信息有限。
我们旨在调查马来西亚吉隆坡疑似 COVID-19 成年患者中呼吸道病毒的发生率。
我们在 2020 年 2 月至 5 月期间从吉隆坡一家教学医院住院的疑似 COVID-19 成年患者中收集了 198 份呼吸道样本，并使用 NxTAG 呼吸道病原体面板（Luminex）和 Allplex RV Essential（Seegene）检测对联合鼻咽拭子进行了检测。45 份阴性样本进一步进行了病毒宏基因组分析。
在 198 个样本中，有 74 个（37.4%）有呼吸道病原体，其中 56 个（28.3%）为 SARS-CoV-2，18 个（9.1%）为其他呼吸道病原体阳性。有五例（2.5%）SARS-CoV-2 合并感染，均为鼻病毒/肠道病毒。宏基因组学鉴定出三种（6.7%；3/45）病毒，包括一名需要 ICU 护理的患者的肠道病毒 D68 和沙福病毒基因型 6。大多数 COVID-19 患者（91.1%；51/56）症状轻微，但 5.4%（3/56）死亡。
在 COVID-19 早期，除 SARS-CoV-2 以外的常见呼吸道病毒仅占 ARI 住院病例的 9.1%，与 SARS-CoV-2 的合并感染很少见。持续监测对于了解 COVID-19 及其相关公共卫生控制措施对其他呼吸道病毒传播的影响非常重要。宏基因组学可以识别出意想不到或罕见的病原体，如沙福病毒，在成年人中很少描述。
