Department of Animal Science, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2021 Nov 6;53(6):535. doi: 10.1007/s11250-021-02980-0.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of quinoa seed-based diets with phytase and protease enzymes, individually or in combination, on the productive performance, internal organs, microbiota activity, and intestinal morphology of broiler chickens. A total of 250 1-day-old broiler chicks (ROSS 308) were randomly distributed into five treatments with each five replicate pens of 10 birds in a 42-day trial. Dietary treatments were a conventional diet (CC) based on a corn-soybean meal or an experimental diet (EC) which contained 150 g/kg of quinoa seed. Other treatments were EC diet supplemented with 500 FTU/kg phytase (EPH), 0.2 g/kg protease (EPR) enzymes, or their combination (EPPC). At the end of the trial, the feed intake of the EPH broilers was higher than those of the EC and EPPC birds (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, broiler chickens fed the EPH and EPPC diets had higher body weight gain compared with those of the birds fed the other diets (P < 0.05). The EC and EPPC broilers consumed less feed than the EPH birds (P < 0.05), while CC and EPR birds were intermediate. The EC group had the highest feed conversion ratio among all groups (P < 0.05). The EPPC group had the best feed conversion ratio compared with other groups except for the EPH group (P < 0.05). The highest relative weight of the bursa and spleen was observed in EPPC and CC groups, respectively. The pancreas had the lowest weight in the broilers fed protease-supplemented diet. An increase in villus length and villus width was observed in birds fed EPH and EC diets, respectively (P < 0.05). The ratio of VL to crypt depth was greater in the phytase-supplemented group (P < 0.05). Inclusion of phytase or phytase + protease to QS diet increased the cecal Lactobacillus population, while the count of Coliforms decreased in EPR and EPPC groups (P < 0.05). It is concluded that addition of phytase and protease enzymes to QS-based diet may have beneficial effects on the growth performance, gut bacteria ecology, and intestinal morphology of broiler chickens.
本研究旨在评估添加植酸酶和蛋白酶的藜麦种子日粮，单独或组合使用，对肉鸡生产性能、内脏器官、微生物区系活性和肠道形态的影响。将 250 只 1 日龄肉鸡（ROSS 308）随机分为 5 个处理组，每个处理组 5 个重复，每个重复 10 只鸡，进行 42 天试验。日粮处理为基于玉米-豆粕的常规日粮（CC）或含有 150g/kg 藜麦种子的试验日粮（EC）。其他处理分别为添加 500FTU/kg 植酸酶（EPH）、0.2g/kg 蛋白酶（EPR）或其组合（EPPC）的 EC 日粮。试验结束时，EPH 组肉鸡的采食量高于 EC 和 EPPC 组（P<0.05）。同时，饲喂 EPH 和 EPPC 日粮的肉鸡体重增加高于其他组（P<0.05）。与饲喂 EPH 组相比，饲喂 EPH 和 EPPC 日粮的肉鸡采食量较低（P<0.05），而 CC 和 EPR 组处于中间水平。EC 组的饲料转化率在所有组中最高（P<0.05）。除了 EPH 组，EPPC 组的饲料转化率与其他组相比最好（P<0.05）。EPPC 和 CC 组的法氏囊和脾脏相对重量最高，分别。添加蛋白酶的日粮组的胰腺重量最低。饲喂 EPH 和 EC 日粮的肉鸡的绒毛长度和绒毛宽度分别增加（P<0.05）。添加植酸酶组的 VL 与隐窝深度的比值更高（P<0.05）。在添加植酸酶或植酸酶+蛋白酶的 QS 日粮中，盲肠乳酸菌的数量增加，而 EPR 和 EPPC 组的大肠菌群数量减少（P<0.05）。综上所述，在 QS 日粮中添加植酸酶和蛋白酶可能对肉鸡的生长性能、肠道细菌生态和肠道形态有有益影响。
