Institute of Medical Sociology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Department of Medical Psychology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Int J Public Health. 2021 May 13;66:607794. doi: 10.3389/ijph.2021.607794. eCollection 2021.
In this study, we examine the public's knowledge about different levels of depression severity in Germany. Data stem from a national telephone survey in Germany. A total of 1,009 persons participated, response rate was 46.8%. A vignette was presented with signs of mild, moderate or severe depression. Participants were asked what they think the person has, which persons and services are helpful and how effective different treatment options are. Differences between the three vignettes were tested with 95% confidence intervals and -tests. 55.3% of the respondents identified depression as the health problem in question. Participants who heard the vignette with moderate symptomatology recognized depression more often. Across groups, a general practitioner was named most frequently concerning helpful persons/services. Effectiveness of psychotherapy received high levels of approval, online therapy and books were less often rated as effective. There were only few significant differences between the three vignettes. This is the first study examining public depression literacy for different severity levels. Small differences between severity levels indicate a lack of knowledge, which may have adverse consequences for adherence to treatment, especially for mild depression.
在这项研究中，我们考察了公众对德国不同程度抑郁症的认知。数据来源于德国一项全国性电话调查，共有 1009 人参与，回应率为 46.8%。呈现了一个有轻度、中度或重度抑郁症状的虚构案例。参与者被问到他们认为这个人患有什么疾病，哪些人或服务是有帮助的，以及不同治疗方案的有效性如何。使用 95%置信区间和 -检验对三个案例进行了差异检验。55.3%的受访者将健康问题识别为抑郁症。听到中度症状描述案例的参与者更频繁地识别出抑郁症。在所有组中，全科医生被认为是最有帮助的人员/服务。心理治疗的有效性得到了高度认可，在线治疗和书籍则较少被认为有效。三个案例之间只有少数显著差异。这是首次研究不同严重程度的公众对抑郁症的认识水平。严重程度之间的微小差异表明知识匮乏，这可能对治疗的依从性产生不利影响，尤其是对轻度抑郁症。
