体重歧视与身体活动有关吗？系统评价。
Is weight stigma associated with physical activity? A systematic review.
机构信息
Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
Center for Weight and Eating Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
出版信息
Obesity (Silver Spring). 2021 Dec;29(12):1994-2012. doi: 10.1002/oby.23274. Epub 2021 Nov 7.
OBJECTIVE
Weight stigma is associated with impaired health, attributed in part to reductions in health-promoting behaviors. This review analyzed evidence of the association between weight stigma and physical activity (PA) in adults and youth.
METHODS
Three databases were searched for terms related to weight stigma and PA. Eligible studies reported the quantitative association between at least one measure of weight stigma and one behavioral measure of PA.
RESULTS
A total of 38 studies met eligibility criteria. Of the 29 studies of adults, 3 used objective PA measures, and 79% used an observational, cross-sectional design. Findings of the relationship between weight stigma and PA were mixed. Everyday weight discrimination and internalizing weight stigma were associated with reduced PA in most studies. Several studies found indirect, and not direct, effects of weight stigma on PA when analyses included other individual-level factors. In the nine studies of youth, two used objective PA measures, all were observational, and only one study was longitudinal. Most youth studies found a relationship between weight-based teasing and reduced PA.
CONCLUSIONS
Weight teasing, everyday discrimination, and internalization were associated with reduced PA. However, associations were inconsistent and often indirect. Future studies should include objective PA measures with larger samples and longitudinal assessments.
目的
体重歧视与健康受损有关，部分原因是促进健康的行为减少。本综述分析了体重歧视与成年人和青少年体育活动（PA）之间关联的证据。
方法
三个数据库中搜索与体重歧视和 PA 相关的术语。符合条件的研究报告了至少一种体重歧视测量指标与一种行为性 PA 测量指标之间的定量关联。
结果
共有 38 项研究符合资格标准。在 29 项成年人研究中，有 3 项使用了客观 PA 测量指标，79%使用了观察性、横断面设计。体重歧视与 PA 之间关系的研究结果不一致。在大多数研究中，日常体重歧视和内化的体重歧视与 PA 减少有关。当分析包括其他个体层面的因素时，有几项研究发现体重歧视对 PA 的影响是间接的，而不是直接的。在 9 项青少年研究中，有 2 项使用了客观的 PA 测量指标，均为观察性研究，只有 1 项研究是纵向研究。大多数青少年研究发现基于体重的嘲笑与 PA 减少有关。
结论
体重嘲笑、日常歧视和内化与 PA 减少有关。然而，关联并不一致，而且往往是间接的。未来的研究应包括更大样本量和纵向评估的客观 PA 测量指标。
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