Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; Center for Virus Research, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
Curr Opin Virol. 2021 Dec;51:179-189. doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2021.10.007. Epub 2021 Nov 5.
Zaire Ebola virus (EBOV) is a member of the Filoviridae family. Infection with EBOV causes Ebola virus disease (EVD) characterized by excessive inflammation, lymphocyte death, coagulopathy, and multi-organ failure. In 2019, the FDA-approved the first anti-EBOV vaccine, rVSV-EBOV-GP (Ervebo® by Merck). This live-recombinant vaccine confers both prophylactic and therapeutic protection to nonhuman primates and humans. While mechanisms conferring prophylactic protection are well-investigated, those underlying protection conferred shortly before and after exposure to EBOV remain poorly understood. In this review, we review data from in vitro and in vivo studies analyzing early immune responses to rVSV-EBOV-GP and discuss the role of innate immune activation in therapeutic protection.
扎伊尔埃博拉病毒（EBOV）是丝状病毒科的一员。感染 EBOV 会导致埃博拉病毒病（EVD），其特征是过度炎症、淋巴细胞死亡、凝血功能障碍和多器官衰竭。2019 年，FDA 批准了首个抗 EBOV 疫苗，即 rVSV-EBOV-GP（由默克公司生产的 Ervebo®）。这种活重组疫苗为非人类灵长类动物和人类提供了预防和治疗保护。虽然对预防保护的机制进行了广泛研究，但对在接触 EBOV 前后不久提供保护的机制仍知之甚少。在这篇综述中，我们回顾了分析 rVSV-EBOV-GP 早期免疫反应的体外和体内研究数据，并讨论了先天免疫激活在治疗保护中的作用。
