State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Division of Pediatric Blood Diseases Center, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China.
College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China.
BMC Cancer. 2021 Nov 8;21(1):1190. doi: 10.1186/s12885-021-08917-y.
Children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) undergoing chemotherapy experience a relatively high risk of infection. And the disturbance of gut microbiota is generally believed to impair intestinal barrier function and may induce bacterial infections and inflammation. The study aimed to investigate the alterations in the gut microbiota and assess its relationship with chemotherapy-induced pneumonia in pediatric ALL patients.
We conducted a case-control study with 14 cases affected by pneumonia and 44 unaffected subjects and characterized the physiological parameters and gut microbiota by microarray-based technique.
There were significant differences in α- and β-diversity in the affected group compared with the control group. At species level, the LEfSe analysis revealed that Enterococcus malodoratus, Ochrobactrum anthropi and Actinomyces cardiffensis were significantly abundant in the affected subjects. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve yielded the area under the curve (AUC) of 0.773 for classification between the two groups. In addition, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways involved in the bacterial secretion system were more enriched in the affected group than in the control group.
Gut microbiota alteration was associated with chemotherapy-induced pneumonia in pediatric ALL patients, which provided a new perspective on the personalized clinical care of pediatric ALL.
接受化疗的急性淋巴细胞白血病（ALL）患儿存在较高的感染风险。一般认为，肠道微生物群的紊乱会损害肠道屏障功能，并可能导致细菌感染和炎症。本研究旨在探讨肠道微生物群的变化，并评估其与小儿 ALL 患者化疗相关性肺炎的关系。
我们进行了一项病例对照研究，纳入了 14 例肺炎患儿和 44 例无肺炎患儿，并通过基于微阵列的技术对生理参数和肠道微生物群进行了特征分析。
与对照组相比，观察组的α-和β多样性存在显著差异。在物种水平上，LEfSe 分析显示，肠球菌（Enterococcus malodoratus）、人苍白杆菌（Ochrobactrum anthropi）和 Cardiff 放线菌（Actinomyces cardiffensis）在观察组中明显丰富。受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线分析得出两组分类的曲线下面积（AUC）为 0.773。此外，与对照组相比，观察组中与细菌分泌系统相关的京都基因与基因组百科全书（KEGG）通路更为丰富。
肠道微生物群的改变与小儿 ALL 患者化疗相关性肺炎有关，为小儿 ALL 的个体化临床治疗提供了新视角。
