Liang Xiaocong, Wang Xin, Tang Li, Cheng Guoxia, Wang Caixia, Liu Yu, Zhang Tongjun
Shaanxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an 710054, China.
Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 2021 Sep;50(5):827-836. doi: 10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2021.05.020.
To investigate the pollution status of lead, cadmium, total mercury and total arsenic in grains sold in Shaanxi Province, and to analyze the potential risk of dietary exposure.
A total of 1873 samples of wheat, wheat flour, rice, maize and their products were randomly collected in circulation. The contents of lead and cadmium were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and total mercury and arsenic were determined by atomic fluorescence spectrometry. The pollution status of four elements in grains was evaluated by single factor pollution index method, margin of exposure(MOE) was used to assess lead exposure, cadmium exposure was assessed by the ratio of estimated monthly intake(EMI) to provisional tolerable monthly intake(PTMI), and exposure to mercury and arsenic was assessed using the ratio of estimated weekly intake(EWI) to provisional tolerable weekly intake(PTWI).
The average values of lead, cadmium, total mercury and total arsenic in grains sold in Shaanxi Province were 0.070, 0.022, 0.0079 and 0.030 mg/kg. The over-standard rates of lead, cadmium and total mercury were 6.30%, 1.39% and 4.43%. The average single factor pollution index of lead, cadmium, total mercury and total arsenic was less than 0.7; The MOE value of lead in grains was 0.99-18.41, the intake of cadmium in grains accounted for 19.08% of PTMI, and the intake of mercury and arsenic accounted for 10.28% and 10.67% of PTWI.
Lead, cadmium, total mercury and total arsenic in all kinds of cereals sold in Shaanxi Province from 2002 to 2018 were less polluted and their intake was within the safe range.
调查陕西省市售粮食中铅、镉、总汞和总砷的污染状况，并分析膳食暴露的潜在风险。
随机采集流通环节1873份小麦、小麦粉、大米、玉米及其制品样品。采用原子吸收分光光度法和电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定铅、镉含量，原子荧光光谱法测定总汞和总砷含量。采用单因子污染指数法评价粮食中4种元素的污染状况，用暴露边际（MOE）评估铅暴露，用估计月摄入量（EMI）与暂定每月耐受摄入量（PTMI）之比评估镉暴露，用估计周摄入量（EWI）与暂定每周耐受摄入量（PTWI）之比评估汞和砷暴露。
陕西省市售粮食中铅、镉、总汞和总砷的平均值分别为0.070、0.022、0.0079和0.030mg/kg。铅、镉和总汞的超标率分别为6.30%、1.39%和4.43%。铅、镉、总汞和总砷的平均单因子污染指数均小于0.7；粮食中铅的MOE值为0.99 - 18.41，粮食中镉的摄入量占PTMI的19.08%，汞和砷的摄入量分别占PTWI的10.28%和10.67%。
2002 - 2018年陕西省各类市售粮食中铅、镉、总汞和总砷污染较轻，摄入量在安全范围内。
