Sánchez-Alarcón Nelson, Frick-Raggi Juan Pablo, Vega-Duarte Francisco
Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Facultad de Recursos Naturales, Universidad Católica, Temuco, Chile.
Investigador independiente, Chile.
Rev Med Chil. 2021 Jul;149(7):1004-1013. doi: 10.4067/s0034-98872021000701004.
Suicide is a public health problem in the world. In Chile, suicide rates increased since 1990 with regional differences in rates.
To analyze the geographical distribution of deaths due to suicide that occurred in the Region of Araucanía between the years 2004-2015.
The geographic distribution of suicide in the Araucania Region at district level (2004-2015) was analyzed using death data available at the web page of the Ministry of Health. Socio-demographic variables of suicide were characterized. The spatial distribution of suicide rates was represented using cartography, and suicide spatial clusters were identified through spatial-temporal exploration.
There were 1,562 suicides, 86% in men, with a mean rate of 13.07 x105 inhabitants. The highest rates were registered in people aged over 70 years. Most individuals committing suicide were active workers. Hanging was the most common method to accomplish suicide. The territories from the coastal area in Cautín, and Nahuelbuta registered the highest suicide rates. Two statistically significant conglomerates with high incidence of suicide cases were identified.
The use of geographic methods and the disaggregation of suicide cases at district level, allowed the identification of territorial variability in the distribution of suicide rates within the Araucanía Region. Spatial patterns of areas with high suicide risk were found.
自杀是一个全球性的公共卫生问题。在智利，自1990年以来自杀率上升，且各地区存在差异。
分析2004年至2015年期间阿劳卡尼亚地区自杀死亡的地理分布情况。
利用卫生部网页上提供的死亡数据，分析了阿劳卡尼亚地区（2004 - 2015年）区级层面的自杀地理分布情况。对自杀的社会人口学变量进行了特征描述。用地图表示自杀率的空间分布，并通过时空探索确定自杀的空间聚集区。
共有1562例自杀案例，其中86%为男性，平均自杀率为每10万居民中有13.07例。70岁以上人群的自杀率最高。大多数自杀者为在职人员。上吊是最常见的自杀方式。考廷沿海地区和纳韦尔布塔地区的自杀率最高。确定了两个自杀案例发生率较高且具有统计学意义的聚集区。
采用地理方法并按区级层面分解自杀案例，有助于识别阿劳卡尼亚地区自杀率分布的地域差异。发现了自杀高风险地区的空间模式。
