Department of Biological Sciences, Section of Neurobiology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA; email:
Annu Rev Physiol. 2022 Feb 10;84:41-58. doi: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-060121-041637. Epub 2021 Nov 9.
Sour taste, the taste of acids, is one of the most enigmatic of the five basic taste qualities; its function is unclear and its receptor was until recently unknown. Sour tastes are transduced in taste buds on the tongue and palate epithelium by a subset of taste receptor cells, known as type III cells. Type III cells express a number of unique markers, which allow for their identification and manipulation. These cells respond to acid stimuli with action potentials and release neurotransmitters onto afferent nerve fibers, with cell bodies in geniculate and petrosal ganglia. Here, we review classical studies of sour taste leading up to the identification of the sour receptor as the proton channel OTOP1.
酸味是五种基本味觉之一，也是最神秘的一种；其功能尚不清楚，其受体直到最近才被发现。舌头上的味蕾和上颚上皮的酸味感受器由一组称为 III 型细胞的味觉感受器细胞来传递。III 型细胞表达许多独特的标记物，这些标记物允许对其进行识别和操作。这些细胞对酸刺激产生动作电位，并将神经递质释放到传入神经纤维上，细胞体位于膝神经节和岩神经节中。在这里，我们回顾了酸味的经典研究，直到将质子通道 OTOP1 鉴定为酸味受体。
