微小 RNA 对关键视网膜色素上皮功能的调控。
MicroRNA regulation of critical retinal pigment epithelial functions.
机构信息
Center for Translational Vision Research, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, CA, USA; Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, CA, USA; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, CA, USA.
Center for Translational Vision Research, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, CA, USA; Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, CA, USA; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, CA, USA; Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, CA, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, CA, USA.
出版信息
Trends Neurosci. 2022 Jan;45(1):78-90. doi: 10.1016/j.tins.2021.10.008. Epub 2021 Nov 6.
MicroRNAs are short, evolutionarily conserved noncoding RNAs that are critical for the control of normal cellular physiology. In the retina, photoreceptors are highly specialized neurons that transduce light into electrical signals. Photoreceptors, however, are unable to process visual stimuli without the support of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). The RPE performs numerous functions to aid the retina, including the generation of visual chromophore and metabolic support. Recent work has underscored how microRNAs enable vision through their contributions to RPE functions. This review focuses on the biogenesis and control of microRNAs in rodents and humans, the roles microRNAs play in RPE function and degeneration, and how microRNAs could serve as potential therapeutics and biomarkers for visual diseases.
微小 RNA 是短的、进化上保守的非编码 RNA，对于控制正常细胞生理至关重要。在视网膜中，光感受器是高度特化的神经元，将光转化为电信号。然而，没有视网膜色素上皮 (RPE) 的支持，光感受器就无法处理视觉刺激。RPE 执行许多功能来辅助视网膜，包括产生视觉色素和代谢支持。最近的工作强调了微小 RNA 通过其对 RPE 功能的贡献如何实现视觉。本综述重点介绍了啮齿动物和人类微小 RNA 的生物发生和调控、微小 RNA 在 RPE 功能和变性中的作用，以及微小 RNA 如何作为视觉疾病的潜在治疗剂和生物标志物。
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