Briceno Noriega Daniela, Teodorowicz Malgorzata, Savelkoul Huub, Ruinemans-Koerts Janneke
Cell Biology and Immunology Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, the Netherlands.
J Asthma Allergy. 2021 Nov 2;14:1335-1348. doi: 10.2147/JAA.S237759. eCollection 2021.
The basophil activation test (BAT) is an ex vivo functional assay that measures by flow cytometry the degree of basophil degranulation after stimulation with an allergen. In recent years, there has been an increased interest in the diagnostic value of the BAT as it has the potential to mimic the clinical phenotype of sIgE sensitized patients, in contrast to allergen-specific IgE levels. This diagnostic potential would be of particular interest for food allergies present early in life such as peanut, cow's milk and eggs, which require an expensive, time-consuming and patient unfriendly oral food challenge (OFC) for diagnosis. However, routine applications of the BAT for clinical use are not yet feasible due to the lack of standardized protocols and large clinical validation studies. This review will summarize the current data regarding the application of the BAT in food allergy (FA) for cow's milk, egg and peanut, being the most common causes of FA in children. Additionally, it will discuss the hurdles for widespread clinical use of the BAT and possible future directions for this diagnostic procedure.
嗜碱性粒细胞活化试验（BAT）是一种体外功能测定方法，通过流式细胞术测量变应原刺激后嗜碱性粒细胞的脱颗粒程度。近年来，人们对BAT的诊断价值越来越感兴趣，因为与变应原特异性IgE水平相比，它有可能模拟sIgE致敏患者的临床表型。这种诊断潜力对于生命早期出现的食物过敏（如花生、牛奶和鸡蛋过敏）尤为重要，因为这些过敏需要昂贵、耗时且对患者不友好的口服食物激发试验（OFC）来进行诊断。然而，由于缺乏标准化方案和大规模临床验证研究，BAT在临床中的常规应用尚不具备可行性。本综述将总结目前关于BAT在牛奶、鸡蛋和花生等食物过敏（FA）中的应用数据，这些是儿童FA最常见的病因。此外，还将讨论BAT广泛应用于临床的障碍以及该诊断方法未来可能的发展方向。
