From the Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695.
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2021 Nov 10;259(12):1428-1432. doi: 10.2460/javma.20.05.0291.
To characterize features of myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) in Miniature Schnauzers and Yorkshire Terriers.
69 Miniature Schnauzers and 65 Yorkshire Terriers, each with MMVD.
Medical record data for each dog were collected; the study period was January 2007 through December 2016. If available, radiographic data were evaluated, and a vertebral heart scale score was assigned for each dog. Statistical analysis was performed with Student t and Fisher exact tests.
Compared with Yorkshire Terriers, the prevalence of MMVD was significantly higher in Miniature Schnauzers and affected dogs were significantly younger at the time of diagnosis. Miniature Schnauzers were significantly more likely to have mitral valve prolapse and syncope, compared with Yorkshire Terriers. Yorkshire Terriers were significantly more likely to have coughing and have had previous or current treatment with cardiac medications, compared with Miniature Schnauzers. There was no statistical difference between breeds with regard to abnormally high vertebral heart scale scores or radiographic evidence of congestive heart failure.
With regard to MMVD, features of the disease among Miniature Schnauzers and Yorkshire Terriers were similar, but there were also a few discernable differences between these 2 breeds and from historical findings for dogs with MMVD of other breeds. Clinical signs at the time of diagnosis differed between the 2 breeds, which may have reflected concurrent breed-specific conditions (sick sinus syndrome or airway disease [eg, tracheal collapse]). Future work should include prospective studies to provide additional information regarding the natural progression of MMVD in these dog breeds.
描述西施犬和约克夏梗患黏液样心肌二尖瓣病（MMVD）的特征。
69 只西施犬和 65 只约克夏梗，每只均患有 MMVD。
收集每只犬的病历数据；研究期间为 2007 年 1 月至 2016 年 12 月。如果有放射性检查数据，则评估这些数据，并为每只犬分配椎体心脏比例评分。采用 Student t 检验和 Fisher 确切概率法进行统计学分析。
与约克夏梗相比，西施犬 MMVD 的患病率明显更高，且诊断时患病犬的年龄明显更小。与约克夏梗相比，西施犬更易发生二尖瓣脱垂和晕厥。与西施犬相比，约克夏梗更易出现咳嗽，且更可能接受过或正在接受心脏药物治疗。在椎体心脏比例评分异常升高或存在充血性心力衰竭的放射学证据方面，2 个品种之间无统计学差异。
就 MMVD 而言，西施犬和约克夏梗的疾病特征相似，但这 2 个品种之间也存在一些可识别的差异，与其他品种 MMVD 的既往发现也存在差异。2 个品种在诊断时的临床症状不同，这可能反映了同时存在的品种特异性疾病（病态窦房结综合征或气道疾病[如气管塌陷]）。未来的工作应包括前瞻性研究，以提供关于这 2 个犬种 MMVD 自然病程的更多信息。
