Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, PO Box 11492, Amman, Jordan.
Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2021 Nov 10;21(1):761. doi: 10.1186/s12884-021-04221-6.
The ongoing spread coronavirus disease worldwide has caused major disruptions and led to lockdowns. Everyday lifestyle changes and antenatal care inaccessibility during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have variable results that affect pregnancy outcomes. This study aimed to assess the alterations in stillbirth, neonatal-perinatal mortality, preterm birth, and birth weight during the COVID-19 national lockdown.
We used the data from the Jordan stillbirths and neonatal death surveillance system to compare pregnancy outcomes (gestational age, birth weight, small for gestational age, stillbirth, neonatal death, and perinatal death) between two studied periods (11 months before the pandemic (May 2019 to March 2020) vs. 9 months during the pandemic (April 2020 to March 1st 2020). Separate multinomial logistic and binary logistic regression models were used to compare the studied outcomes between the two studied periods after adjusting for the effects of mother's age, income, education, occupation, nationality, health sector, and multiplicity.
There were 31106 registered babies during the study period; among them, 15311 (49.2%) and 15795 (50.8%) births occurred before and during the COVID-19 lockdown, respectively. We found no significant differences in preterm birth and stillbirth rates, neonatal mortality, or perinatal mortality before and during the COVID-19 lockdown. Our findings report a significantly lower incidence of extreme low birth weight (ELBW) infants (<1kg) during the COVID-19 lockdown period than that before the lockdown (adjusted OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.3-0.5: P value <0.001) CONCLUSIONS: During the COVID-19 lockdown period, the number of infants born with extreme low birth weight (ELBW) decreased significantly. More research is needed to determine the impact of cumulative socio-environmental and maternal behavioral changes that occurred during the pandemic on the factors that contribute to ELBW infants.
全球范围内持续蔓延的冠状病毒病导致了重大干扰，并导致封锁。在 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行期间，日常生活方式的改变和产前保健的不可及性导致了各种结果，从而影响了妊娠结局。本研究旨在评估 COVID-19 国家封锁期间死产、新生儿围产儿死亡率、早产和出生体重的变化。
我们使用约旦死产和新生儿死亡监测系统的数据，比较了两个研究期间（大流行前 11 个月（2019 年 5 月至 2020 年 3 月）与大流行期间的 9 个月（2020 年 4 月至 2020 年 3 月 1 日））的妊娠结局（胎龄、出生体重、小于胎龄儿、死产、新生儿死亡和围产儿死亡）。在调整母亲年龄、收入、教育、职业、国籍、卫生部门和倍数的影响后，使用多项逻辑回归和二项逻辑回归模型比较了两个研究期间的研究结果。
研究期间有 31106 名注册婴儿；其中，15311 名（49.2%）和 15795 名（50.8%）婴儿分别在 COVID-19 封锁前和封锁期间出生。我们没有发现 COVID-19 封锁前后早产和死产率、新生儿死亡率或围产儿死亡率的显著差异。我们的研究结果报告说，在 COVID-19 封锁期间，出生时极低体重（ELBW）婴儿（<1kg）的发病率明显低于封锁前（调整后的 OR 0.39，95%CI 0.3-0.5：P 值<0.001）。
在 COVID-19 封锁期间，出生时极低体重（ELBW）的婴儿数量明显减少。需要进一步研究以确定在大流行期间发生的累积社会环境和产妇行为变化对导致 ELBW 婴儿的因素的影响。
