Scherbaum W A
Acta Endocrinol Suppl (Copenh). 1987;281:325-9. doi: 10.1530/acta.0.114s325.
Among the various autoantibody tests applied in research and clinical practice, the determination of thyroid microsomal (TMAb) and thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb) still retains its strong value in the screening for thyroid autoimmunity. The presence in the serum of TMAb is almost invariably associated with thyroid autoimmune disease or focal thyroiditis. The appearance of TMAb together with elevated serum-TSH in subclinical autoimmune thyroiditis strongly suggests progression to overt hypothyroidism. Pregnant women with positive TMAb and/or TgAb run an increased risk for post-partum painless thyroiditis with transient thyrotoxicosis and subsequent hypothyroidism. After delivery also a relapse of previously unrecognized Graves' thyrotoxicosis may occur. Thyroid antibody determination is not a valuable tool to discriminate autoimmune thyroiditis from thyroid malignancies. TMAb and TgAb determination helps to recognize individuals with thyroid autoimmunity among patients with non-thyroid autoimmune diseases such as Addison's disease and Type I diabetes mellitus.
在研究和临床实践中应用的各种自身抗体检测中，甲状腺微粒体抗体（TMAb）和甲状腺球蛋白抗体（TgAb）的检测在甲状腺自身免疫性疾病筛查中仍具有重要价值。血清中TMAb的存在几乎总是与甲状腺自身免疫性疾病或局灶性甲状腺炎相关。在亚临床自身免疫性甲状腺炎中，TMAb的出现以及血清促甲状腺激素（TSH）升高强烈提示疾病进展为显性甲状腺功能减退。TMAb和/或TgAb阳性的孕妇发生产后无痛性甲状腺炎伴短暂甲状腺毒症及随后甲状腺功能减退的风险增加。分娩后，先前未被识别的格雷夫斯甲状腺毒症也可能复发。甲状腺抗体检测并非鉴别自身免疫性甲状腺炎和甲状腺恶性肿瘤的有效工具。TMAb和TgAb检测有助于在患有艾迪生病和I型糖尿病等非甲状腺自身免疫性疾病的患者中识别出甲状腺自身免疫性疾病患者。
