Al-Memar Maya, Saso Srdjan, Bobdiwala Shabnam, Ameye Lieveke, Guha Sharmistha, Joash Karen, Stalder Catriona, Sur Shyamaly, Moorthy Krishen, Timmerman Dirk, Bourne Tom
Division of Surgery and Cancer Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology Imperial College London Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road London W12 0NN UK.
Oude Markt 13, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Katholieke Universiteit Leuven 3000 Leuven Belgium.
Australas J Ultrasound Med. 2017 May 30;20(3):97-105. doi: 10.1002/ajum.12052. eCollection 2017 Aug.
The objective was to validate a virtual reality simulation ultrasound model as a tool for training in the use of transvaginal ultrasonography in gynaecology and early pregnancy.
Three separate groups consisting of novice and intermediate level residents as well as expert ultrasound examiners were recruited to the study. All were asked to answer a questionnaire regarding demographic data and ultrasound experience. They subsequently completed two modules: basic gynaecology and early pregnancy, followed by corresponding assessments using a high-fidelity simulator (Scantrainer; Medaphor™, Cardiff, UK). Finally, the expert group completed an additional questionnaire about various elements of the simulator using a 5-point Likert scale.
Each group consisted of eight participants. Overall, the participants agreed that simulation played a role in training (Novices: 75% (n = 6); Intermediates: 100% (n = 8); Experts: 75% (n = 6)). For the degree of realism of the target objects in the gynaecology and early pregnancy module environments compared to a real-patient environment, the simulator was rated satisfactory or very satisfactory by 88% (n = 7) and 75% (n = 6) of experts, respectively. All experts rated the overall usefulness of the content of the simulator for learning fundamental ultrasound technical skills compared to current training methods to be at least satisfactory. When reviewing the assessment scores, experts scored higher than non-experts in gynaecology (P = 0.002) and early pregnancy modules (P = 0.03).
Face, content and construct validity were demonstrated by the virtual reality ultrasound simulator, suggesting it may be an effective method for training ultrasound skills in gynaecology and early pregnancy to non-expert residents.
目的是验证一种虚拟现实模拟超声模型，作为妇科和早期妊娠经阴道超声检查使用培训的工具。
招募了由新手和中级水平住院医师以及专家超声检查人员组成的三个独立小组参与研究。所有人都被要求回答一份关于人口统计学数据和超声经验的问卷。随后他们完成两个模块：基础妇科和早期妊娠，接着使用高保真模拟器（Scantrainer；Medaphor™，英国加的夫）进行相应评估。最后，专家组使用5分李克特量表完成一份关于模拟器各个要素的附加问卷。
每个小组由八名参与者组成。总体而言，参与者一致认为模拟在培训中发挥了作用（新手：75%（n = 6）；中级人员：100%（n = 8）；专家：75%（n = 6））。对于妇科和早期妊娠模块环境中目标物体与真实患者环境相比的逼真程度，分别有88%（n = 7）和75%（n = 6）的专家将模拟器评为满意或非常满意。与当前培训方法相比，所有专家对模拟器内容在学习基本超声技术技能方面的总体有用性评分至少为满意。在查看评估分数时，专家在妇科（P = 0.002）和早期妊娠模块（P = 0.03）中的得分高于非专家。
虚拟现实超声模拟器证明了表面效度、内容效度和结构效度，表明它可能是一种向非专家住院医师培训妇科和早期妊娠超声技能的有效方法。
