Fabian Kellsye P, Hodge James W
Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Room 8B09, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Mol Ther Oncolytics. 2021 Oct 16;23:266-276. doi: 10.1016/j.omto.2021.10.001. eCollection 2021 Dec 17.
Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphocytes that recognize and clear infected and transformed cells. The importance of NK cells in tumor surveillance underlies the development of NK cell therapy as cancer treatment. The NK-92 cell line has been successfully modified to express high-affinity CD16 receptor for antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and/or chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) that can recognize antigens expressed on tumor cells and mediate NK cell activation. Since there is no need for human leukocyte antigen matching or prior exposure to the tumor antigens, NK-92 provides an opportunity for the development of next-generation off-the-shelf cell therapy platforms. CAR-engineered NK-92 cells have demonstrated robust antitumor activity in and preclinical studies, propelling the clinical development of CAR NK-92 cells. Preliminary phase 1 data indicate that CAR NK-92 can be safely administered in the clinic. In this review, we provide an overview of recent advances in the research and clinical application of this novel cell immunotherapy.
自然杀伤（NK）细胞是一种先天性淋巴细胞，可识别并清除受感染和发生转化的细胞。NK细胞在肿瘤监测中的重要性是NK细胞疗法作为癌症治疗手段得以发展的基础。NK-92细胞系已成功改造，可表达用于抗体依赖性细胞毒性的高亲和力CD16受体和/或嵌合抗原受体（CAR），这些受体能够识别肿瘤细胞上表达的抗原并介导NK细胞活化。由于无需进行人类白细胞抗原匹配或预先接触肿瘤抗原，NK-92为下一代现成细胞治疗平台的开发提供了契机。经CAR工程改造的NK-92细胞在临床前研究中已展现出强大的抗肿瘤活性，推动了CAR NK-92细胞的临床开发。1期初步数据表明，CAR NK-92可在临床上安全给药。在本综述中，我们概述了这种新型细胞免疫疗法在研究和临床应用方面的最新进展。
