SKL-ESPC and BIC-ESAT, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control, College of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China.
SKL-ESPC and BIC-ESAT, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China; GRiC, Shenzhen Institute of Building Research Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Apr 10;816:151520. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151520. Epub 2021 Nov 9.
Anemia is a highly prevalent disease among older populations, with multiple adverse health outcomes, and particles exposure is a potential risk factor for anemia. However, evidence on associations of exposure to particles with small size with anemia-related blood cell parameters levels in the elderly is limited, and the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Based on a panel study in Beijing, we found that in 135 elderly participants, mass concentrations of particle with an aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μm (PM), black/elemental carbon (BC/EC, particle size range: 0-2.5 μm), and number concentrations of ultrafine particles (UFPs, particle size range: 5.6-93.1 nm) and accumulated mode particles (Acc, size range: 93.1-560 nm) were significantly associated with levels of red blood cell count (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB), hematocrit (HCT), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC). The mean ± SD for PM, UFPs, Acc, BC, OC, and EC were 69.7 ± 61.1 μg/m, 12.5 ± 4.3 × 10/cm, 1.6 ± 1.2 × 10/cm, 3.0 ± 2.0 μg/m, 8.7 ± 6.7 μg/m, and 2.1 ± 1.6 μg/m, respectively. Cotinine (higher than 50 ng/mL) is used as an indicator of smoking exposure. The association between MCHC difference and per interquartile range (IQR) increase in average UFPs concentration 14 d before clinical visits was -0.7% (95% CI: -1.1% to -0.3%). Significant associations of UFPs and Acc exposure with MCHC and MCH levels remain robust after adjustment for other pollutants. Furthermore, 25.2% (95% CI: 7.4% to 64.8%) and 29.8% (95% CI: 5.3% to 214.4%) of the difference in MCHC associated with average UFPs and Acc concentrations 14 d before clinical visits were mediated by the level of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF α), a biomarker of systemic inflammation. Our findings for the first time provide the evidence that short-term UFPs and Acc exposure contributed to the damage of anemia-related blood cell in the elderly, and systemic inflammation was a potential internal mediator.
贫血是老年人群中一种高发疾病，会导致多种不良健康后果，而颗粒物质暴露是贫血的一个潜在危险因素。然而，目前关于小粒径颗粒物质暴露与老年人贫血相关血细胞参数水平之间的关联的证据有限，其潜在机制尚不清楚。基于北京的一项队列研究，我们发现，在 135 名老年参与者中，空气动力学直径≤2.5μm 的颗粒物质（PM）、黑碳/元素碳（BC/EC，粒径范围：0-2.5μm）、超细颗粒（UFPs，粒径范围：5.6-93.1nm）和积聚模态颗粒（Acc，粒径范围：93.1-560nm）的质量浓度，与红细胞计数（RBC）、血红蛋白（HGB）、血细胞比容（HCT）、平均红细胞血红蛋白量（MCH）、平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度（MCHC）水平显著相关。PM、UFPs、Acc、BC、OC 和 EC 的平均值±标准差分别为 69.7±61.1μg/m、12.5±4.3×10/cm、1.6±1.2×10/cm、3.0±2.0μg/m、8.7±6.7μg/m 和 2.1±1.6μg/m。可铁宁（高于 50ng/mL）被用作吸烟暴露的指标。与临床就诊前 14 天 UFPs 浓度每增加一个四分位距（IQR）相关的 MCHC 差值为-0.7%（95%CI：-1.1%至-0.3%）。在调整其他污染物后，UFPs 和 Acc 暴露与 MCHC 和 MCH 水平之间的显著关联仍然稳健。此外，与临床就诊前 14 天 UFPs 和 Acc 浓度相关的 MCHC 差值的 25.2%（95%CI：7.4%至 64.8%）和 29.8%（95%CI：5.3%至 214.4%）可由肿瘤坏死因子α（TNFα）水平介导，TNFα是全身炎症的生物标志物。我们的研究结果首次提供了证据，表明短期 UFPs 和 Acc 暴露会导致老年人贫血相关血细胞受损，而全身炎症可能是一个潜在的内部介导因素。
