Comparison of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging sequences with laboratory parameters for prognosticating renal function in chronic kidney disease.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is playing an increasingly important role in evaluating chronic kidney disease (CKD). It has the potential to be used not only for evaluation of physiological and pathological states, but also for prediction of disease course. Although different MRI sequences have been employed in renal disease, there are few studies that have compared the different sequences. We compared several multiparametric MRI sequences, and compared their results with the estimated glomerular filtration rate. Principal component analysis showed a similarity between T1 values and tissue perfusion (arterial spin labelling), and between fractional anisotropy (diffusion tensor imaging) and apparent diffusion coefficient values (diffusion-weighted imaging). In multiple regression analysis, only T2* values, derived from the blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) MRI sequence, were associated with estimated glomerular filtration rate slope after adjusting for degree of proteinuria, a classic prognostic factor for CKD. In receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, T2* values were a good predictor of rapid deterioration, regardless of the degree of proteinuria. This suggests further study of the use of BOLD-derived T2* values in the workup of CKD, especially to predict the disease course.