Holmes Mark, Spaak Jurg Werner, De Laender Frederik
Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology, Namur Institute of Complex Systems, and the Institute of Life, Earth, and Environment University of Namur Namur Belgium.
Ecol Evol. 2021 Oct 12;11(21):14977-14987. doi: 10.1002/ece3.8182. eCollection 2021 Nov.
Ecosystems are subject to a multitude of anthropogenic environmental changes. Experimental research in the field of multiple stressors has typically involved varying the number of stressors, here termed stressor richness, but without controlling for total stressor intensity. Mistaking stressor intensity effects for stressor richness effects can misinform management decisions when there is a trade-off between mitigating these two factors. We incorporate multiple stressors into three community models and show that, at a fixed total stressor intensity, increasing stressor richness aggravates joint stressor effects on ecosystem functioning, but reduces effects on species persistence and composition. In addition, stressor richness weakens the positive selection and negative complementarity effects on ecosystem function. We identify the among-species variation of stressor effects on traits as a key determinant of the resulting community-level stressor effects. Taken together, our results unravel the mechanisms linking multiple environmental changes to biodiversity and ecosystem function.
生态系统受到多种人为环境变化的影响。多胁迫因子领域的实验研究通常涉及改变胁迫因子的数量，这里称为胁迫因子丰富度，但没有控制总胁迫因子强度。当在减轻这两个因素之间存在权衡时，将胁迫因子强度效应误认为胁迫因子丰富度效应可能会误导管理决策。我们将多个胁迫因子纳入三个群落模型，结果表明，在固定的总胁迫因子强度下，增加胁迫因子丰富度会加剧联合胁迫因子对生态系统功能的影响，但会降低对物种持久性和组成的影响。此外，胁迫因子丰富度会削弱对生态系统功能的正选择和负互补效应。我们将胁迫因子对性状的种间效应差异确定为群落水平胁迫因子效应的关键决定因素。综上所述，我们的结果揭示了将多种环境变化与生物多样性和生态系统功能联系起来的机制。
