College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, 14195, Germany.
Nat Commun. 2022 Jul 23;13(1):4260. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-31936-7.
Biodiversity is crucial for the provision of ecosystem functions. However, ecosystems are now exposed to a rapidly growing number of anthropogenic pressures, and it remains unknown whether biodiversity can still promote ecosystem functions under multifaceted pressures. Here we investigated the effects of soil microbial diversity on soil functions and properties when faced with an increasing number of simultaneous global change factors in experimental microcosms. Higher soil microbial diversity had a positive effect on soil functions and properties when no or few (i.e., 1-4) global change factors were applied, but this positive effect was eliminated by the co-occurrence of numerous global change factors. This was attributable to the reduction of soil fungal abundance and the relative abundance of an ecological cluster of coexisting soil bacterial and fungal taxa. Our study indicates that reducing the number of anthropogenic pressures should be a goal in ecosystem management, in addition to biodiversity conservation.
生物多样性对生态系统功能的提供至关重要。然而，生态系统现在正面临着越来越多的人为压力，目前尚不清楚在面临多种压力时，生物多样性是否仍然能够促进生态系统功能。在这里，我们在实验微宇宙中研究了当面对越来越多的同时发生的全球变化因素时，土壤微生物多样性对土壤功能和性质的影响。当没有或只有少数（即 1-4）全球变化因素施加时，较高的土壤微生物多样性对土壤功能和性质有积极影响，但当许多全球变化因素同时发生时，这种积极影响就会被消除。这归因于土壤真菌丰度的减少和共存土壤细菌和真菌分类群的生态聚类的相对丰度的减少。我们的研究表明，除了生物多样性保护之外，减少人为压力的数量应该成为生态系统管理的目标。
