State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Frontier Innovation Center for Dental Medicine Plus, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Oct 28;22(21):11671. doi: 10.3390/ijms222111671.
Cancer stromal cells play a role in promoting tumor relapse and therapeutic resistance. Therefore, the current treatment paradigms for cancers are usually insufficient to eradicate cancer cells, and anti-cancer therapeutic strategies targeting stromal cells have been developed. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are perpetually activated fibroblasts in the tumor stroma. CAFs are the most abundant and highly heterogeneous stromal cells, and they are critically involved in cancer occurrence and progression. These effects are due to their various roles in the remodeling of the extracellular matrix, maintenance of cancer stemness, modulation of tumor metabolism, and promotion of therapy resistance. Recently, biomaterials and nanomaterials based on CAFs have been increasingly developed to perform gene or protein expression analysis, three-dimensional (3D) co-cultivation, and targeted drug delivery in cancer treatment. In this review, we systematically summarize the current research to fully understand the relevant materials and their functional diversity in CAFs, and we highlight the potential clinical applications of CAFs-oriented biomaterials and nanomaterials in anti-cancer therapy.
肿瘤基质细胞在促进肿瘤复发和治疗耐药方面发挥作用。因此，目前癌症的治疗模式通常不足以消灭癌细胞，针对基质细胞的抗癌治疗策略已经被开发出来。癌相关成纤维细胞（CAFs）是肿瘤基质中持续激活的成纤维细胞。CAFs 是最丰富和高度异质性的基质细胞，它们在癌症的发生和进展中起着至关重要的作用。这些作用归因于它们在细胞外基质重塑、维持癌症干性、调节肿瘤代谢和促进治疗耐药性方面的各种作用。最近，基于 CAFs 的生物材料和纳米材料已经被越来越多地开发出来，以在癌症治疗中进行基因或蛋白质表达分析、三维（3D）共培养和靶向药物递送。在这篇综述中，我们系统地总结了当前的研究，以充分了解 CAFs 中相关材料及其功能多样性，并强调了基于 CAFs 的生物材料和纳米材料在抗癌治疗中的潜在临床应用。
