《身体活动愉悦感量表简版》：编制与心理测量学特性。
A Short Version of the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale: Development and Psychometric Properties.
机构信息
Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engler-Bunte-Ring 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
出版信息
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Oct 20;18(21):11035. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182111035.
OBJECTIVE
The purposes of this paper were to (a) develop a new short, theory-driven, version of the physical activity enjoyment scale (PACES-S) using content analysis; and (b) subsequently to measure the psychometric properties (construct validity, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and concurrent validity) of the PACES-S for adolescents.
METHODS
Six experts used a four-point Likert scale to assess the content validity of each of the 16 items of the physical activity enjoyment scale according to a provided definition of physical activity enjoyment. Based on the results, exploratory factor analysis was used to analyze survey data from a longitudinal study of 182 individuals (Measure 1 of Study 1: 15.75 ± 3.39 yrs; 56.6% boys, 43.4% girls), and confirmatory factor analysis (Measure 2 of Study 1: 15.69 ± 3.44 yrs; 56.3% boys, 43.7% girls) was used to analyze the survey data from a cross-sectional study of 3219 individuals (Study 2; 15.99 ± 3.10 yrs; 47.8% boys, 52.2% girls) to assess the construct validity of the new measure. To assess the reliability, test-retest reliability was assessed in Study 1 and internal consistency in Study 1 and 2. For the concurrent validity, correlations with self-reported and device-based physical activity behavior were assessed in both studies.
RESULTS
Four out of sixteen items were selected for PACES-S. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analyses identified and supported its factorial validity (χ = 53.62, df = 2, < 0.001; RMSEA = 0.073; CFI = 0.99; RFI = 0.96; NFI = 0.99; TLI = 0.96; IFI = 0.99). Results showed good test-retest reliability (r = 0.76) and internal consistency ( = 0.82 to 0.88). Regarding concurrent validity, the results showed positive correlations with a physical activity questionnaire (Study 1: r = 0.36), with a physical activity diary (Study 1: r = 0.44), and with accelerometer-recorded data (Study 1: r = 0.32; Study 2: r = 0.21).
CONCLUSIONS
The results indicate that PACES-S is a reliable and valid instrument that may be particularly useful to measure physical activity enjoyment in large-scale studies. It shows comparable measurement properties as the long version of PACES.
目的
本文旨在(a) 通过内容分析法，为身体活动愉悦感量表（PACES）开发一个新的、简短的、基于理论的版本；(b) 随后测量青少年 PACES-S 的心理测量学特性（构念效度、内部一致性、重测信度和同时效度）。
方法
六位专家使用四点李克特量表，根据身体活动愉悦感的定义，对身体活动愉悦感量表的 16 个项目中的每一个进行内容有效性评估。基于这些结果，对一项涉及 182 人的纵向研究（研究 1 的测量 1：15.75 ± 3.39 岁；56.6%的男孩，43.4%的女孩）的数据进行探索性因素分析，并对一项涉及 3219 人的横断面研究（研究 2）的数据进行验证性因素分析（研究 2 的测量 2：15.69 ± 3.44 岁；56.3%的男孩，43.7%的女孩），以评估新量表的构念效度。为了评估可靠性，在研究 1 中评估了重测信度，在研究 1 和 2 中评估了内部一致性。为了评估同时效度，在两项研究中均评估了与自我报告和设备记录的身体活动行为的相关性。
结果
从 16 个项目中选择了 4 个项目作为 PACES-S。探索性因素分析和验证性因素分析确定并支持了其因子有效性（χ=53.62，df=2， <0.001；RMSEA=0.073；CFI=0.99；RFI=0.96；NFI=0.99；TLI=0.96；IFI=0.99）。结果显示重测信度良好（r=0.76）和内部一致性（=0.82 至 0.88）。关于同时效度，结果显示与身体活动问卷（研究 1：r=0.36）、身体活动日记（研究 1：r=0.44）和加速度计记录的数据（研究 1：r=0.32；研究 2：r=0.21）均呈正相关。
结论
结果表明，PACES-S 是一种可靠和有效的工具，在大规模研究中可能特别有用，可以用来衡量身体活动的愉悦感。它表现出与 PACES 长版相当的测量特性。
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