School of Architecture, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
School of Government, Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing 100081, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Nov 4;18(21):11597. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182111597.
The identification of vulnerable people and places to flood is crucial for effective disaster risk management. Here, we combine flood hazard and social vulnerability index to capture the potential risk of flood. In this paper, Nanjing was taken as the case study to explore the spatial pattern of social vulnerability towards flood at the community scale by developing an index system. Based on the flood risk results of ArcSWAT, the risk of flood disaster in Nanjing was evaluated. The results show the following. (1) Social vulnerability exhibits a central-peripheral pattern in general, which means that the social vulnerability degree is high in the central city and decreases gradually to the suburbs. (2) The susceptibility to flood disaster has a similar circle-layer pattern that is the highest in the urban centre, lower in the exurban areas, and the lowest in the suburb areas. (3) By using the GIS-based zoning approach, communities are classified into four types by comprehensively considering their flood susceptibility and social vulnerability. The spatial pattern is explained, and policy recommendation for reducing flood risk is provided for each type of community. The research has important reference significance for identifying the spatial pattern of social vulnerability to flood and then formulating targeted adaptation countermeasures.
识别易受洪水影响的人群和地区对于有效的灾害风险管理至关重要。在这里，我们结合洪水灾害和社会脆弱性指数来捕捉洪水的潜在风险。本文以南京市为例，通过建立一个指数系统，探讨了社区尺度上社会脆弱性对洪水的空间模式。基于 ArcSWAT 的洪水风险结果，评估了南京市洪水灾害的风险。结果表明：（1）社会脆弱性总体上呈现出中心-外围的格局，即市中心的社会脆弱性程度较高，逐渐向郊区降低。（2）洪水灾害易感性具有类似的圈层模式，市中心最高，远郊较低，郊区最低。（3）通过基于 GIS 的分区方法，综合考虑洪水易感性和社会脆弱性，将社区分为四类。解释了空间模式，并为每类社区提供了减少洪水风险的政策建议。该研究对于识别洪水社会脆弱性的空间模式，从而制定有针对性的适应对策具有重要的参考意义。
