Faculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
Sensors (Basel). 2021 Oct 26;21(21):7097. doi: 10.3390/s21217097.
The safety and reliability of the power grid are related to national power security, economic development and people's daily life. The occurrence of extreme weather changes the external environment greatly. Including generators and transmission lines, many power grid units cannot resist such a huge attack and get damaged easily, which forces units to quit from the power grid running system for a while. Furthermore, if the number of influenced units is high enough, the whole power system will be destroyed by cascading failure caused by extreme weather. Aiming at dealing with the cascading failure emergencies, this paper is trying to improve the traditional power structural vulnerability model so that it can be used to discuss extreme weather and propose a theoretical topological model to help scholars measure the damage caused by extreme cases. Based on previous research in this field, this paper utilizes complex network knowledge to build the power grid topology model. Then, considering extreme cases and the three attack modes simulation process, this paper makes use of the characteristic parameters of the power grid topology model and designs an algorithm, according to the realistic situation of the propagation mechanism of cascading failure of the power grid model as well as extreme weather research. Finally, taking IEEE-30 and IEEE-118 node bus system as examples, which shows that the structural vulnerability method proposed in this paper can properly address the mechanism of unbalanced load of cascading failure of power grid units under extreme conditions and can provide theoretical reference for preventing and reducing the impact of extreme cases on power grid which improves the reliability of the power grid.
电网的安全性和可靠性关系到国家电力安全、经济发展和人民日常生活。极端天气变化极大地改变了外部环境。包括发电机和输电线在内的许多电网单元都无法承受如此巨大的冲击，很容易受到损坏，这迫使单元暂时退出电网运行系统。此外，如果受影响的单元数量足够多，整个电力系统将被极端天气引起的级联故障破坏。针对处理级联故障紧急情况，本文旨在改进传统的电力结构脆弱性模型，以便用于讨论极端天气并提出理论拓扑模型，帮助学者衡量极端情况造成的损害。本文基于该领域的先前研究，利用复杂网络知识构建电网拓扑模型。然后，考虑极端情况和三种攻击模式的模拟过程，本文利用电网拓扑模型的特征参数并设计一种算法，根据电网模型级联故障传播机制的实际情况以及极端天气的研究。最后，以 IEEE-30 和 IEEE-118 节点母线系统为例，结果表明，本文提出的结构脆弱性方法可以正确处理极端条件下电网单元不平衡负载级联故障的机制，并为防止和减少极端情况对电网的影响提供理论参考，提高电网的可靠性。
