Pluym Nikola, Stöckelhuber Markus, Weber Till, Scherer Gerhard, Scherer Max, Kolossa-Gehring Marike
ABF Analytisch-Biologisches Forschungslabor GmbH, Semmelweisstr. 5, 82152, Planegg, Germany.
German Environment Agency (UBA), Corrensplatz 1, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2022 Jan;239:113880. doi: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2021.113880. Epub 2021 Nov 10.
Geraniol (trans-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadiene-1-ol) is an acyclic isoprenoid monoterpene with a widespread use as fragrance in consumer products, agrochemicals and pharmaceuticals. The class of terpene chemicals has been associated with varying sensitizing potencies. A recently developed sensitive LC- MS/MS method for the analysis of geraniol metabolites was further improved and validated for the two metabolites, 8-carboxygeraniol and Hildebrandt acid. The successfully validated method was applied to 250 urine samples derived from the Environmental Specimen Bank (ESB) collected between 2004 and 2018. Both metabolites of this allergen of special concern were quantified in all urine samples of this study. Correlation analysis revealed that 8-carboxygeraniol appears to be the sole specific biomarker in urine for geraniol exposure. Overall, the excreted amounts of 8-carboxygeraniol remained unchanged in urine samples collected from 2004 to 2018. However, a significantly higher 8-carboxygeraniol excretion per 24 h was observed in females compared to males across the sampling years from 2004 to 2012. This trend equalized in the years 2015 and 2018. We could demonstrate that 8-carboxygeraniol may be a suited biomarker for assessing the geraniol exposure in the general population. Regardless of the fact that additional, preferably population representative studies combining HBM and health examination were helpful to further elucidate the risks of a geraniol exposure, the current study adds important data for identifying time trends and body burden of geraniol in the environment and shows the ubiquitous exposure towards mixtures of sensitizing chemicals.
香叶醇（反式-3,7-二甲基-2,6-辛二烯-1-醇）是一种无环类异戊二烯单萜，在消费品、农用化学品和药品中广泛用作香料。萜类化学物质类别与不同的致敏效力有关。最近开发的一种用于分析香叶醇代谢物的灵敏液相色谱-串联质谱法（LC-MS/MS）针对两种代谢物8-羧基香叶醇和希尔德布兰特酸进行了进一步改进和验证。成功验证的方法应用于2004年至2018年期间从环境样本库（ESB）收集的250份尿液样本。本研究中所有尿液样本均对这种特别受关注的过敏原的两种代谢物进行了定量。相关性分析表明，8-羧基香叶醇似乎是尿液中香叶醇暴露的唯一特异性生物标志物。总体而言，2004年至2018年收集的尿液样本中8-羧基香叶醇的排泄量保持不变。然而，在2004年至2012年的采样年份中，观察到女性每24小时的8-羧基香叶醇排泄量明显高于男性。这种趋势在2015年和2018年趋于平衡。我们可以证明，8-羧基香叶醇可能是评估普通人群香叶醇暴露的合适生物标志物。尽管结合人体生物监测（HBM）和健康检查的额外、最好是具有人群代表性的研究有助于进一步阐明香叶醇暴露的风险，但本研究为确定环境中香叶醇的时间趋势和人体负荷增加了重要数据，并显示了对致敏化学物质混合物的普遍暴露。
