Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China; Department of Food Science and Technology, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, College of Science & Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
Department of Food Science and Technology, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, College of Science & Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
Biotechnol Adv. 2021 Dec;53:107867. doi: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107867. Epub 2021 Nov 12.
Among the products for rapid detection in different fields, enzyme-based immunosensors have received considerable attention. Recently, great efforts have been devoted to enhancing the output signals of enzymes through different strategies that can significantly improve the sensitivity of enzyme-based immunosensors for the need of practical applications. In this manuscript, the significance of enzyme-based signal transduction patterns in immunoassay and the central role of enzymes in achieving precise control of reaction systems are systematically described. In view of the rapid development of this field, we classify these strategies based on the combination of immune recognition and enzyme amplification into three categories, namely enzyme-based enhancement strategies, combination of the catalytic amplification of enzymes with other signal amplification methods, and substrate-based enhancement strategies. The current focus and future direction of enzyme-based immunoassays are also discussed. This article is not exhaustive, but focuses on the latest advances in different signal generation methods based on enzyme-initiated catalytic reactions and their applications in the detection field, which could provide an accessible introduction of enzyme-based immunosensors for the community with a view to further improving its application efficiency.
在不同领域的快速检测产品中，基于酶的免疫传感器受到了相当大的关注。最近，人们致力于通过不同的策略来增强酶的输出信号，这些策略可以显著提高基于酶的免疫传感器的灵敏度，以满足实际应用的需要。在本文中，系统地描述了基于酶的信号转导模式在免疫分析中的重要性以及酶在实现反应系统精确控制中的核心作用。鉴于该领域的快速发展，我们根据免疫识别与酶放大的结合，将这些策略分为三类，即基于酶的增强策略、酶的催化放大与其他信号放大方法的结合以及基于底物的增强策略。还讨论了基于酶的免疫分析的当前焦点和未来方向。本文并非详尽无遗，而是侧重于基于酶引发的催化反应的不同信号产生方法的最新进展及其在检测领域的应用，这可为相关领域的研究人员提供一个易于理解的基于酶的免疫传感器介绍，以期进一步提高其应用效率。
