Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
World Neurosurg. 2022 Feb;158:139-147. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2021.11.017. Epub 2021 Nov 11.
Women have historically been underrepresented in academic medicine, particularly in surgical subspecialties. This study investigated potential associations between gender and promoting practices in academic neurosurgery.
Faculty data, including time from residency, professorship, specialty, and h-index, were obtained from websites of the institutions listed in the American Association of Neurological Surgeons Neurosurgical Residency Training Program Directory. Demographics, training, and appointments were compared between male and female neurosurgeons. Predictors of professorship, chair, directorship, and division leadership were identified using multivariable models.
The study examined 1629 faculty members. Women were more likely to be assistant professors (P < 0.0001), while men were more likely to be full professors (P < 0.0001), hold chair positions (P = 0.007), lead subspecialty divisions (P = 0.008), and have a higher Scopus h-index (P < 0.0001). In a multivariable analysis, years from training (P < 0.001), fellowship (P = 0.009), h-index (P < 0.001), and chair/program director/division leadership position (P < 0.001) were significant positive predictors of full professorship. Holding additional advanced degrees (P = 0.010), leading a subspecialty division (P = 0.005), and having a higher h-index (P = 0.002) positively predicted chair position. However, when accounting for all other factors, gender was not a significant predictor of full professorship, division leadership, chair, or program directorship.
While significantly more men hold leadership positions in U.S. academic institutions, after controlling for contributing variables, there did not appear to be an association between gender and full professorship, division leadership, chair, or program directorship in academic neurosurgery. While the field still has significant work to do to achieve gender equity, these results may serve as encouragement to women who are looking to advance their careers in academic neurosurgery.
女性在学术医学领域，尤其是在外科亚专业领域，历来代表性不足。本研究调查了性别与学术神经外科学中推广实践之间的潜在关联。
从美国神经外科学会神经外科住院医师培训计划目录中列出的机构的网站上获取了教员数据，包括从住院医师培训到教授职位、专业和 h 指数的时间。比较了男女神经外科医生的人口统计学、培训和任命情况。使用多变量模型确定教授职位、主席职位、主任职位和部门领导职位的预测因素。
该研究检查了 1629 名教员。女性更有可能担任助理教授（P<0.0001），而男性更有可能担任正教授（P<0.0001），担任主席职位（P=0.007），领导亚专业部门（P=0.008），并且 Scopus h 指数更高（P<0.0001）。在多变量分析中，从培训到（P<0.001）、奖学金（P=0.009）、h 指数（P<0.001）和主席/项目主任/部门领导职位（P<0.001）的年限是正教授的重要积极预测因素。拥有其他高级学位（P=0.010）、领导一个亚专业部门（P=0.005）和更高的 h 指数（P=0.002）预测主席职位。然而，在考虑到所有其他因素后，性别并不是正教授、部门领导、主席或项目主任的重要预测因素。
虽然在美国学术机构中，男性担任领导职务的人数明显更多，但在控制了相关变量后，性别与学术神经外科学中的正教授、部门领导、主席或项目主任职位之间似乎没有关联。虽然该领域仍有大量工作要做以实现性别平等，但这些结果可能会鼓励希望在学术神经外科学领域发展事业的女性。
