Skulsampaopol Janissardhar, Shitsama Sylvia, Ming Yu, Hansasuta Ake, Cusimano Michael D
Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
PLoS One. 2025 Feb 28;20(2):e0318976. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0318976. eCollection 2025.
Surgeons are expected to lead teams/organizations to achieve optimal patient outcomes; however, few receive formal education in leadership. The goals of the study were to: 1) assess the unmet needs and gaps in leadership education for neurosurgeons and residents/fellows; 2) identify factors associated with availability of leadership education, access to leadership positions and the similarities/differences across geographic regions and institutional type; 3) describe the associations between gender and leadership; 4) determine the impact of leadership education.
International survey of 657 neurosurgeons, residents/fellows. A series of univariate analysis and multivariate were conducted to assess the association between specific variables and leadership outcomes.
Almost half (48%) indicated that leadership education did not exist in their organization. This lack was more notable in non-academic centers (p < 0.001), among neurosurgeons with less than 5 years of work experience (p = 0.03), and respondents from South America (p = 0.02). Nearly two-thirds (61.1%) reported never having leadership training. Significantly fewer respondents in the age range 35-44 years old (p = 0.02), those working in the Middle East (p = 0.02), neurosurgeons with work experience less than 5 years (p = 0.004), working in non-academic center (p = 0.02) attended leadership training. In contrast to the differences seen across geographic regions and types of institutions, overall, the proportions of males and females having access to leadership training and being offered leadership positions were similar. Among participants, 87.1% of those with leadership training were offered leadership roles, compared to 65.5% of those without leadership training (p < 0.001). Additionally, participants with leadership training experienced a burnout rate of 29.2%, whereas those without leadership training had a higher rate of burnout of 40.5% (p = 0.02).
There is a pressing need to develop educational opportunities for leadership in neurosurgery, especially for younger neurosurgeons, neurosurgeons working in non-academic centers, in countries and non-academic institutions where leadership education is less accessible. Leadership education is associated with increased numbers of neurosurgical leaders at all levels as well as reduced levels of burnout.
外科医生应带领团队/组织实现最佳患者治疗效果；然而，很少有人接受过正式的领导力教育。本研究的目的是：1）评估神经外科医生以及住院医师/研究员在领导力教育方面未满足的需求和差距；2）确定与领导力教育的可获得性、担任领导职位的机会以及不同地理区域和机构类型之间的异同相关的因素；3）描述性别与领导力之间的关联；4）确定领导力教育的影响。
对657名神经外科医生、住院医师/研究员进行国际调查。进行了一系列单变量分析和多变量分析，以评估特定变量与领导力结果之间的关联。
近一半（48%）的人表示其所在组织不存在领导力教育。在非学术中心（p < 0.001）、工作经验少于5年的神经外科医生中（p = 0.03）以及来自南美洲的受访者中（p = 0.02），这种缺乏更为明显。近三分之二（61.1%）的人报告从未接受过领导力培训。年龄在35 - 44岁之间的受访者（p = 0.02）、在中东工作的人（p = 0.02）、工作经验少于5年的神经外科医生（p = 0.004）、在非学术中心工作的人（p = 0.02）参加领导力培训的人数明显较少。与不同地理区域和机构类型之间的差异形成对比的是，总体而言，获得领导力培训和获得领导职位的男性和女性比例相似。在参与者中，接受过领导力培训的人中有87.1%获得了领导职位，而未接受领导力培训的人这一比例为65.5%（p < 0.001）。此外，接受过领导力培训的参与者倦怠率为29.2%，而未接受领导力培训的人倦怠率更高，为40.5%（p = 0.02）。
迫切需要为神经外科领域的领导力发展提供教育机会，特别是为年轻的神经外科医生、在非学术中心工作的神经外科医生，以及在领导力教育难以获得的国家和非学术机构中的神经外科医生。领导力教育与各级神经外科领导者数量的增加以及倦怠水平降低相关。
