De Carvalho Amanda Gabriela, Luz João Gabriel Guimarães, Rodrigues Luane Dantas, Dias João Victor Leite, Fontes Cor Jesus Fernandes
School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Rondonópolis (UFR), Rondonópolis, Brazil.
School of Medicine, Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys (UFVJM), Teófilo Otoni, Brazil.
J Infect Dev Ctries. 2021 Oct 31;15(10):1523-1531. doi: 10.3855/jidc.14522.
This cross-sectional study evaluated the impact of socioeconomic status on the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) concerning zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (VL) among dog owners from the municipality of Rondonópolis-a highly endemic area for the disease in Central-Western Brazil.
Data were collected between 2016 and 2017 during a household survey. A probabilistic sample of 404 dog owners were interviewed assessing sociodemographic characteristics, previous occurrence of VL cases, and KAP about human VL, vector, and canine VL. Responses regarding KAP were compared among social classes, which are indicators of socioeconomic status. Correct/appropriate answers were scored, and a multivariate Poisson regression analysis evaluated the impact of social class on scoring.
The overall KAP regarding VL was limited. Dog owners from higher social classes differed from those of the lower classes regarding the recognition of abdominal distension (p = 0.026) and skin lesions (p < 0.001) as clinical manifestations of human and canine VL, respectively, knowledge of VL transmission (p = 0.020), use of topical repellents (p < 0.001), use of insecticide-impregnated collars (p = 0.003), and previous attempts of treatment for canine VL (p = 0.005). Higher scores were associated with the upper social classes (IRR = 1.18; CI = 1.08-1.29) adjusted by the age (IRR = 1.13; CI = 1.04-1.24) and the previous occurrence of human (IRR = 1.21; CI = 1.07-1.36) and canine (IRR = 1.25; CI = 1.14-1.36) VL in the household/neighbourhood of the respondents.
Improved KAP concerning VL was associated with better socioeconomic status of dog owners.
本横断面研究评估了社会经济地位对来自朗多诺波利斯市的犬主人群关于人畜共患内脏利什曼病（VL）的知识、态度和行为（KAP）的影响。朗多诺波利斯市是巴西中西部该疾病的高流行地区。
2016年至2017年期间在一项家庭调查中收集数据。对404名犬主进行概率抽样访谈，评估其社会人口学特征、既往VL病例发生情况以及关于人类VL、传播媒介和犬类VL的KAP。在作为社会经济地位指标的社会阶层之间比较关于KAP的回答。对正确/恰当答案进行评分，并采用多变量泊松回归分析评估社会阶层对评分的影响。
关于VL的总体KAP有限。较高社会阶层的犬主与较低社会阶层的犬主在将腹胀（p = 0.026）和皮肤病变（p < 0.001）分别识别人类和犬类VL的临床表现、对VL传播的了解（p = 0.020）、使用局部驱避剂（p < 0.001）、使用杀虫剂浸渍项圈（p = 0.003）以及既往对犬类VL的治疗尝试（p = 0.005）方面存在差异。经年龄（发病率比[IRR] = 1.13；可信区间[CI] = 1.04 - 1.24）以及受访者家庭/社区中既往人类（IRR = 1.21；CI = 1.07 - 1.36）和犬类（IRR = 1.25；CI = 1.14 - 1.36）VL发生情况调整后，较高分数与较高社会阶层相关（IRR = 1.18；CI = 1.08 - 1.29）。
关于VL的KAP改善与犬主更好的社会经济地位相关。
