Department of Woman, Child and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
Clinical Engineering Unit, Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche, Civitanova Alta, Italy.
Pediatr Pulmonol. 2022 Feb;57(2):448-454. doi: 10.1002/ppul.25758. Epub 2021 Nov 22.
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) may induce gastroesophageal reflux (GER). Esophageal impedance baseline values (BI) reflect mucosal inflammation. Our aim was to evaluate BI levels in preterm infants with BPD compared with those without BPD and to identify BI predictors.
This is a retrospective pilot study including infants born <32 weeks' gestational age (GA) who underwent esophageal multichannel intraluminal impedance (MII)-pH. Univariate/multivariate analysis were performed to compare data between BPD and non-BPD infants and to identify BI predictors. A subgroup analysis was performed in infants born <29 weeks' GA, at highest risk for BPD.
Ninety-seven patients (median GA 28 weeks, mean postnatal age 49 days, 29 with BPD), were studied. BPD infants had significantly lower birth weight compared with non-BPD infants (750 vs. 1275 g), were more immature (27 vs. 29 weeks GA), were older at MII-pH (79 vs. 38 days) and received less fluids during MII-pH (147 vs. 161 ml/kg/day). The same findings were found in the group of 53 infants born <29 weeks. BPD versus non-BPD infants had significantly lower BI (2050 vs. 2574 ohm, p = 0.007) (<1000 ohm in five BPD infants vs. one non-BPD) whereas the other MII-pH parameters were not significantly different. Multiple regression analysis found that increasing chronological age was positively associated with BI (B = 9.3, p = 0.013) whereas BPD was associated with lower BI (B = -793.4, p < 0.001).
BPD versus non-BPD infants had significantly lower BI despite similar MII-pH data. BPD and chronological age predicted BI, whereas only BPD predicted BI in the most immature infants.
支气管肺发育不良（BPD）可引起胃食管反流（GER）。食管阻抗基线值（BI）反映了黏膜炎症。我们的目的是评估患有 BPD 的早产儿与无 BPD 的早产儿的 BI 水平，并确定 BI 的预测因素。
这是一项回顾性的初步研究，包括胎龄 <32 周的出生婴儿，他们接受了食管多通道腔内阻抗（MII）-pH 检测。进行了单变量/多变量分析，以比较 BPD 组和非 BPD 组的数据，并确定 BI 的预测因素。对胎龄<29 周的最高危 BPD 婴儿进行了亚组分析。
共 97 例患者（中位胎龄 28 周，平均生后年龄 49 天，29 例患有 BPD）接受了研究。BPD 组婴儿的出生体重明显低于非 BPD 组（750 克 vs. 1275 克），更不成熟（27 周 vs. 29 周 GA），MII-pH 检查时年龄更大（79 天 vs. 38 天），MII-pH 期间接受的液体更少（147 毫升/公斤/天 vs. 161 毫升/公斤/天）。在胎龄<29 周的 53 例婴儿中也发现了同样的结果。BPD 组和非 BPD 组的 BI 显著较低（2050 欧姆 vs. 2574 欧姆，p=0.007）（5 例 BPD 婴儿的 BI<1000 欧姆，而非 BPD 婴儿的 BI<1000 欧姆），而其他 MII-pH 参数无显著差异。多元回归分析发现，实际年龄的增加与 BI 呈正相关（B=9.3，p=0.013），而 BPD 与较低的 BI 相关（B=-793.4，p<0.001）。
尽管 MII-pH 数据相似，但患有 BPD 的早产儿与非 BPD 早产儿的 BI 显著较低。BPD 和实际年龄预测 BI，而只有 BPD 预测最不成熟婴儿的 BI。
