斯里兰卡科伦坡地区小学生注意力缺陷多动障碍的患病率
Prevalence of ADHD in Primary School Children, in Colombo District, Sri Lanka.
作者信息
Nazeer Nazneen, Rohanachandra Yasodha, Prathapan Shamini
机构信息
University of Colombo, Sri Lanka.
University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka.
出版信息
J Atten Disord. 2022 Jun;26(8):1130-1138. doi: 10.1177/10870547211058704. Epub 2021 Nov 16.
OBJECTIVE
To determine prevalence of ADHD among primary school children in Colombo district, Sri Lanka.
METHODS
A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 1,125 primary school children aged 6 to 10 years in Sinhala medium state schools in Colombo district. Prevalence was assessed with validated Sinhala version of Swanson, Nolan, Pelham-IV (SNAP-IV-S) scale where primary care givers and class teachers were the respondents and diagnosis was confirmed by a Consultant Child and Adolescent Psychiatrist.
RESULTS
The mean age of the sample was 7.9 years ( = 1.2) and largely males ( = 603, 56.6%). Overall prevalence of ADHD was 6.5% (95% CI [5.1, 8.1]) with combined as the commonest subtype. Prevalence was higher among males (9.6%) than females (2.9%) with a sex ratio of 1:3.8 and was highest in the 7 to 8 year old age group (7.4%-7.5%).
CONCLUSION
School based screening enabling early detection of ADHD and timely referral is the need of the hour.
目的
确定斯里兰卡科伦坡地区小学生中注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的患病率。
方法
在科伦坡地区僧伽罗语授课的公立学校中，对1125名6至10岁的小学生进行了描述性横断面研究。采用经过验证的僧伽罗语版斯旺森、诺兰、佩勒姆第四版（SNAP-IV-S）量表评估患病率，调查对象为儿童的主要照顾者和班主任教师，诊断由儿童及青少年精神科顾问医生确认。
结果
样本的平均年龄为7.9岁（标准差=1.2），男性居多（n=603，56.6%）。ADHD的总体患病率为6.5%（95%置信区间[5.1, 8.1]），其中混合型为最常见的亚型。男性患病率（9.6%）高于女性（2.9%），性别比为1:3.8，在7至8岁年龄组中患病率最高（7.4%-7.5%）。
结论
开展基于学校的筛查，以便早期发现ADHD并及时转诊，是当务之急。
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