Faculdade de Medicina de Marília, Curso de Medicina, Marília, SP, Brasil.
Faculdade de Medicina de Marília, Departamento de Farmacologia, Marília, SP, Brasil.
Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2021 Nov 12;54:e0201. doi: 10.1590/0037-8682-0201-2021. eCollection 2021.
Trypanosoma cruzi infection triggers an inflammatory process with exacerbated production of cytokines that stimulate inflammatory and anti-inflammatory signals, including the efferent anti-inflammatory signal known as the anti-inflammatory cholinergic pathway. Thus, the use of anticholinesterase drugs, such as galantamine, could minimize the inflammatory process caused by this disease.
For the study at 30, 60, and 90 days, 120 Swiss mice were divided into three groups. Each group was subdivided into four subgroups: uninfected/untreated (CTRL), uninfected/treated (GAL), infected/untreated (INF), and infected/treated (GAL/INF). The infected groups were inoculated intraperitoneally with 0.1 ml of mouse blood containing 5 × 104 trypomastigote forms of the T. cruzi QM2 strain. The galantamine-treated groups received 5 mg/kg of galantamine orally, through pipetting. From each subgroup, the parameters of parasitemia, histopathological analysis, butyrylcholinesterase activity (BuChE), and functional study of the colon were evaluated.
BuChE performance was observed when AChE was suppressed, with increased activity in the GAL/INF group similar to the INF group on the 30th day post infection, thus corroborating the absence of a significant difference in parasitic curves and histopathological analysis.
The presence of an inflammatory process and nests of amastigotes, as well as evidence of reactivity to ACh and NOR, suggest that galantamine did not interfere with the colonic inflammatory response or even in colonic tissue parasitism at this stage of Chagas disease.
克氏锥虫感染引发炎症过程，细胞因子过度产生，刺激炎症和抗炎信号，包括已知的抗炎胆碱能途径的传出抗炎信号。因此，使用抗胆碱酯酶药物，如加兰他敏，可以最大限度地减少这种疾病引起的炎症过程。
在 30、60 和 90 天的研究中，将 120 只瑞士小鼠分为三组。每组又分为四个亚组：未感染/未治疗（CTRL）、未感染/治疗（GAL）、感染/未治疗（INF）和感染/治疗（GAL/INF）。感染组通过腹腔内接种 0.1ml 含有 5×104 个克氏锥虫 QM2 株的噬血体形式的小鼠血液。加兰他敏治疗组通过灌胃给予 5mg/kg 的加兰他敏。从每个亚组中评估了寄生虫血症、组织病理学分析、丁酰胆碱酯酶活性（BuChE）和结肠功能研究的参数。
当 AChE 被抑制时观察到 BuChE 性能，GAL/INF 组在感染后第 30 天的活性与 INF 组相似，因此证实寄生虫曲线和组织病理学分析无显著差异。
炎症过程和阿米巴原虫巢的存在，以及对 ACh 和 NOR 的反应证据表明，加兰他敏没有干扰这种疾病的结肠炎症反应，甚至在这个阶段也没有干扰结肠组织寄生虫感染。
