Business School, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, China.
School of Economics and Management, Beihang University, Beijing, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 Mar;29(15):22391-22403. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-17463-w. Epub 2021 Nov 17.
As one of the countries with the most severe water resource problems, China faces enormous challenges in the intensive use of water resources. Rapid economic development has led to serious waste of water resources in the industry, resulting in path dependence on water-consuming technologies, namely the concept of 'water lock-in'. This study aims to estimate the water lock-in effects in various industries in China from 1997 to 2017. To this end, a novel combination of the input-output analysis and social network analysis methods is used to calculate 'integrated, intra-sectorial and inter-sectorial' water lock-in, identify the complex water resource dependence relationship and explore the dynamic evolution process of the lock-in mechanism. The research results are as follows. (1) From 1997 to 2017, the integrated, intra-sectorial and inter-sectorial water lock-in coefficients decreased by 82.08%, 77.92% and 83.14%, respectively. (2) Non-metallic minerals and other mining products underwent the largest decline in water lock-in within the sectors, whereas coal, oil and gas extraction products underwent the most significant decline in water lock-in between the sectors. (3) Water lock-in conduction is most durable and obvious from S01 (agriculture, forestry, fishery products and services) to S06 (textiles). Policy recommendations are suggested to realise the water-unlocking path.
作为水资源问题最严重的国家之一，中国在水资源集约利用方面面临巨大挑战。经济的快速发展导致工业水资源严重浪费，形成了对耗水技术的路径依赖，即“水锁定”概念。本研究旨在估算 1997 年至 2017 年中国各行业的水锁定效应。为此，采用投入产出分析和社会网络分析方法的新组合来计算“综合、部门内和部门间”水锁定，识别复杂的水资源依赖关系，并探索锁定机制的动态演变过程。研究结果如下。(1)1997 年至 2017 年，综合、部门内和部门间水锁定系数分别下降了 82.08%、77.92%和 83.14%。(2)在部门内，非金属矿物及其他采矿产品的水锁定下降幅度最大，而部门间，煤炭、石油和天然气开采产品的水锁定下降幅度最大。(3)水锁定传导最持久且明显，从 S01(农业、林业、渔业产品和服务业)到 S06(纺织业)。建议采取政策措施实现解水锁路径。
