Zhang Shu-E, Yang Li-Bin, Zhao Chen-Xi, Shi Yu, Wang Hong-Ni, Zhao Xin, Wang Xiao-He, Sun Tao, Cao De-Pin
Department of Health Management, School of Health Management, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
Center for Higher Education Research and Teaching Quality Evaluation, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
Front Psychol. 2021 Nov 1;12:631459. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.631459. eCollection 2021.
The main objectives of this study were to describe the current state of character strengths (CSs) of nurses; explain how they affect stress, sleep quality, and subjective health status; and reveal the mediating role of stress for the subject matter on the association between CSs, sleep quality, and subjective health status. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted from September to October 2020 in China. A multistage stratified sampling method was used, and 1,221 valid questionnaires across 100 cities in 31 provinces were collected. For the participants in this survey, the three dimensions of CSs ranging from high to low were caring (4.20 ± 0.640), self-control (3.53 ± 0.763), and inquisitiveness (3.37 ± 0.787). There was difference in CSs scores across age ( = 8.171, < 0.01), professional categories ( = 5.545, < 0.01), and job tenure ( = 9.470, < 0.01). The results showed that CSs significantly affected the psychological stress (β = -0.365, < ), sleep quality (β = 0.312, < ), and subjective health (β = 0.398, < ) of nurses. Moreover, psychological stress partially mediated the association between CSs and both types of health outcomes. In China, the CSs of nurses are at high levels. We find that nurses with high-level CSs are likely to experience less psychological stress and exhibit healthy psycho-physiological responses, which contribute to positive health outcomes. Finally, our study argues that strength-based interventions of positive psychology in hospitals should be provided to minimize threats to the physical and psychological health of health professionals, which is a beneficial choice for future hospital reforms in the domain of occupational health management.
本研究的主要目的是描述护士性格优势（CSs）的现状；解释它们如何影响压力、睡眠质量和主观健康状况；并揭示压力在CSs、睡眠质量和主观健康状况之间的关联中所起的中介作用。2020年9月至10月在中国进行了一项横断面在线调查。采用多阶段分层抽样方法，收集了来自31个省份100个城市的1221份有效问卷。在本次调查的参与者中，CSs从高到低的三个维度分别是关怀（4.20±0.640）、自我控制（3.53±0.763）和好奇心（3.37±0.787）。CSs得分在年龄（=8.171，<0.01）、专业类别（=5.545，<0.01）和工作年限（=9.470，<0.01）方面存在差异。结果表明，CSs显著影响护士的心理压力（β=-0.365，<）、睡眠质量（β=0.312，<）和主观健康（β=0.398，<）。此外，心理压力部分中介了CSs与两种健康结果之间的关联。在中国，护士的CSs处于较高水平。我们发现，具有高水平CSs的护士可能经历较少的心 理压力，并表现出健康的心理生理反应，这有助于产生积极的健康结果。最后，我们的研究认为，应在医院提供基于优势的积极心理学干预措施，以尽量减少对卫生专业人员身心健康的威胁，这是职业健康管理领域未来医院改革的有益选择。
