An Integrated Approach to Increasing Women's Empowerment and Reducing Domestic Violence: Results of a Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial in a West African Country.

OBJECTIVE

This is the first experimental study testing the effects of an economic intervention alone and in combination with a family-focused component, on women's empowerment status and family violence in Burkina Faso.

METHOD

The three-arm cluster randomized controlled trial with baseline and one-year follow-up included 360 ultra-poor married women from 12 villages. Villages were randomized to the three study arms: (Trickle Up/TU), a (Trickle Up Plus), and waitlist (Control arm). Analysis utilized repeated-measures mixed effects regressions.

RESULTS

Compared to the control group, there was a significant improvement in both the TU arm and the TU Plus arm in women's financial autonomy and in quality of marital relationships. In addition, women in both intervention arms reported a significant reduction in emotional spousal violence in the past year, with the effect size greater for the combined intervention (TU group OR=0.28, 95% CI 0.10,0.82 p=0.02 and TU+ group OR=0.19, 95% CI 0.06,0.64, p=0.007).

CONCLUSIONS

Economic intervention shows benefits that go beyond changes in financial wellbeing and may increase women's status and improve family relationships. Integrating psychosocial components with economic strategies may be more effective for improving women's empowerment status in West Africa.