Wang Xi, Sun Chunxiao, Huang Xiang, Li Jun, Fu Ziyi, Li Wei, Yin Yongmei
Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021 Nov 1;9:731062. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.731062. eCollection 2021.
Breast cancer (BC) develops from breast tissue and is the most common aggressive malignant tumor in women worldwide. Although advanced treatment strategies have been applied and reduced current mortality rates, BC control remains unsatisfactory. It is essential to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms to assist clinical options. Exosomes are a type of extracellular vesicles and mediate cellular communications by delivering various biomolecules (oncogenes, oncomiRs, proteins, and even pharmacological compounds). These bioactive molecules can be transferred to change the transcriptome of target cells and influence tumor-related signaling pathways. Extensive studies have implicated exosomes in BC biology, including therapeutic resistance and the surrounding microenvironment. This review focuses on discussing the functions of exosomes in tumor treatment resistance, invasion and metastasis of BC. Moreover, we will also summarize multiple interactions between exosomes and the BC tumor microenvironment. Finally, we propose promising clinical applications of exosomes in BC.
乳腺癌（BC）起源于乳腺组织，是全球女性中最常见的侵袭性恶性肿瘤。尽管已经应用了先进的治疗策略并降低了当前的死亡率，但乳腺癌的控制仍不尽人意。阐明潜在的分子机制对于辅助临床选择至关重要。外泌体是一种细胞外囊泡，通过传递各种生物分子（癌基因、致癌miRNA、蛋白质，甚至药物化合物）来介导细胞间通讯。这些生物活性分子可以转移以改变靶细胞的转录组并影响肿瘤相关信号通路。广泛的研究表明外泌体参与乳腺癌生物学过程，包括治疗耐药性和周围微环境。本综述重点讨论外泌体在乳腺癌肿瘤治疗耐药性、侵袭和转移中的作用。此外，我们还将总结外泌体与乳腺癌肿瘤微环境之间的多种相互作用。最后，我们提出外泌体在乳腺癌中有前景的临床应用。
