Jacaúna Amanna Gonzaga, de Goes Rafael Henrique de Tonissi E Buschinelli, Seno Leonardo de Oliveira, Ítavo Luis Carlos Vinhas, Gandra Jefferson Rodrigues, da Silva Nayara Gonçalves, Anschau Douglas Gabriel, de Oliveira Raquel Tenório, Bezerra Leilson Rocha, Oliveira Ronaldo Lopes
Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Rod. Dourados-Itahum, km 12, POBox 364. 79804-970, Dourados - Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Senador Felinto Muller, 2443, 79070-900, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
Transl Anim Sci. 2021 May 13;5(3):txab086. doi: 10.1093/tas/txab086. eCollection 2021 Jul.
Chitosan is the second most important natural biopolymer in the world, extracted from crustaceans, shrimps, and crabs and can modulate rumen fermentation. Our hypothesis is that the addition of chitosan alters the fermentation patterns of different diets for ruminants. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different levels of chitosan and forage on in vitro dry degradation kinetics and fermentation in a gas production system. The chitosan levels (0, 1625, 3,500, or 7,500 mg/kg of dry matter []) were arranged in a completely randomized block design, and for in vitro ruminal fermentation assay, we used a arrangement. Into the incubator, all chitosan levels were distributed in the four jars, and the forage levels varying on 100, 65, 50, 35, and 20 on DM basis. There was an interaction effect for chitosan and forage levels ( ≤ 0.05) on IVDMD; IVOMD. IVDCP and IVDNDF. Chitosan negatively affected IVDMD in all roughage levels evaluated. The pH and ammonia concentration present effect only for roughage levels and incubation hours. The chitosan did not change ( = 0.3631) the total short-chain fatty acid concentration (overall mean = 21.19 mmol/L) and the C2:C3 ratio (overall mean = 5.85). The IVDCP showed the same decreasing quadratic behavior ( < 0.0001). The increasing chitosan addition increases ( < 0.0001) the gas production and decreases ( < 0.0001) the lag time (parameter C) of diets with greater concentrate participation, characterizing greater efficiency in the degradability of the diet, confirming its potential use in diets for ruminants. Chitosan changes in vitro dry degradation kinetics and fermentation at the minimum dose of 1,722 mg/kg DM for all diets. The roughage level influenced the in vitro nutrients degradability and cumulative gas production.
壳聚糖是世界上第二重要的天然生物聚合物，从甲壳类动物、虾和蟹中提取，能够调节瘤胃发酵。我们的假设是，添加壳聚糖会改变反刍动物不同日粮的发酵模式。本研究旨在评估不同水平的壳聚糖和粗饲料对体外干物质降解动力学以及产气系统中发酵的影响。壳聚糖水平（0、1625、3500或7500毫克/千克干物质）采用完全随机区组设计，对于体外瘤胃发酵试验，我们采用了一种安排。在培养箱中，所有壳聚糖水平分布在四个罐子中，粗饲料水平以干物质为基础分别为100、65、50、35和20。壳聚糖和粗饲料水平对体外干物质消化率（IVDMD）、体外有机物质消化率（IVOMD）、体外粗蛋白消化率（IVDCP）和体外中性洗涤纤维消化率（IVDNDF）存在交互作用（P≤0.05）。在所有评估的粗饲料水平中，壳聚糖对IVDMD有负面影响。pH值和氨浓度仅对粗饲料水平和培养时间有影响。壳聚糖并未改变（P = 0.3631）总短链脂肪酸浓度（总体平均值 = 21.19毫摩尔/升）和C2:C3比率（总体平均值 = 5.85）。IVDCP呈现相同的二次下降趋势（P < 0.0001）。壳聚糖添加量的增加会增加（P < 0.0001）产气，并减少（P < 0.0001）精料比例较高的日粮的滞后时间（参数C），这表明日粮降解效率更高，证实了其在反刍动物日粮中的潜在用途。对于所有日粮，壳聚糖在最低剂量1722毫克/千克干物质时会改变体外干物质降解动力学和发酵。粗饲料水平影响体外营养物质降解率和累积产气量。
