MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2021 Nov 19;70(46):1608-1612. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7046a4.
Population-based rates of infection with SARS-CoV-2 (the virus that causes COVID-19) and related health care utilization help determine estimates of COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness and averted illnesses, especially since the SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.2 (Delta) variant began circulating in June 2021. Among members aged ≥12 years of a large integrated health care delivery system in Oregon and Washington, incidence of laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, emergency department (ED) visits, and hospitalizations were calculated by COVID-19 vaccination status, vaccine product, age, race, and ethnicity. Infection after full vaccination was defined as a positive SARS-CoV-2 molecular test result ≥14 days after completion of an authorized COVID-19 vaccination series.* During the July-September 2021 surveillance period, SARS-CoV-2 infection occurred among 4,146 of 137,616 unvaccinated persons (30.1 per 1,000 persons) and 3,009 of 344,848 fully vaccinated persons (8.7 per 1,000). Incidence was higher among unvaccinated persons than among vaccinated persons across all demographic strata. Unvaccinated persons with SARS-CoV-2 infection were more than twice as likely to receive ED care (18.5%) or to be hospitalized (9.0%) than were vaccinated persons with COVID-19 (8.1% and 3.9%, respectively). The crude mortality rate was also higher among unvaccinated patients (0.43 per 1,000) than in fully vaccinated patients (0.06 per 1,000). These data support CDC recommendations for COVID-19 vaccination, including additional and booster doses, to protect individual persons and communities against COVID-19, including illness and hospitalization caused by the Delta variant (1).
基于人群的 SARS-CoV-2(导致 COVID-19 的病毒)感染率和相关的医疗保健利用情况有助于确定 COVID-19 疫苗有效性和避免疾病的估计,尤其是自 2021 年 6 月 SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.2(Delta)变体开始传播以来。在俄勒冈州和华盛顿州一个大型综合医疗保健提供系统的≥12 岁成员中,按 COVID-19 疫苗接种状况、疫苗产品、年龄、种族和民族计算了实验室确诊的 SARS-CoV-2 感染、急诊部(ED)就诊和住院治疗的发生率。完全接种疫苗后的感染定义为在完成授权的 COVID-19 疫苗接种系列≥14 天后,SARS-CoV-2 分子检测结果呈阳性。在 2021 年 7 月至 9 月监测期间,在 137616 名未接种疫苗者(30.1/1000 人)中,有 4146 人发生 SARS-CoV-2 感染,在 344848 名完全接种疫苗者(8.7/1000 人)中有 3009 人发生 SARS-CoV-2 感染。在所有人口统计学群体中,未接种疫苗者的感染发生率均高于接种疫苗者。与接种 COVID-19 疫苗的人相比,感染 SARS-CoV-2 的未接种疫苗者接受 ED 护理(18.5%)或住院治疗(9.0%)的可能性高出两倍多,而接种 COVID-19 疫苗的人分别为 8.1%和 3.9%。未接种疫苗者的粗死亡率(0.43/1000)也高于完全接种疫苗者(0.06/1000)。这些数据支持 CDC 关于 COVID-19 疫苗接种的建议,包括加强针和助推针,以保护个人和社区免受 COVID-19 的侵害,包括由 Delta 变体引起的疾病和住院治疗(1)。