Liu Zhiquan, Malinowski Christopher R, Sepúlveda Maria S
Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA; School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
Chemosphere. 2022 Mar;291(Pt 2):132941. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132941. Epub 2021 Nov 15.
Nanoparticle production is on the rise due to its many uses in the burgeoning nanotechnology industry. Although nanoparticles have growing applications, there is great concern over their environmental impact due to their inevitable release into the environment. With uncertainty of environmental concentration and risk to aquatic organisms, the microcrustacean Daphnia spp. has emerged as an important freshwater model organism for risk assessment of nanoparticles because of its biological properties, including parthenogenetic reproduction; small size and short generation time; wide range of endpoints for ecotoxicological studies; known genome, useful for providing mechanistic information; and high sensitivity to environmental contaminants and other stressors. In this review, we (1) highlight the advantages of using Daphnia as an experimental model organism for nanotoxicity studies, (2) summarize the impacts of nanoparticle physicochemical characteristics on toxicity in relation to Daphnia, and (3) summarize the effects of nanoparticles (including nanoplastics) on Daphnia as well as mechanisms of toxicity, and (4) highlight research uncertainties and recommend future directions necessary to develop a deeper understanding of the fate and toxicity of nanoparticles and for the development of safer and more sustainable nanotechnology.
由于纳米颗粒在蓬勃发展的纳米技术产业中有多种用途，其产量正在上升。尽管纳米颗粒的应用日益广泛，但由于它们不可避免地释放到环境中，人们对其环境影响深感担忧。鉴于环境浓度的不确定性以及对水生生物的风险，微型甲壳动物水蚤因其生物学特性，已成为纳米颗粒风险评估的重要淡水模式生物，这些特性包括孤雌生殖；体型小、世代时间短；生态毒理学研究的终点范围广；已知基因组，有助于提供机制信息；以及对环境污染物和其他应激源高度敏感。在本综述中，我们（1）强调将水蚤用作纳米毒性研究实验模式生物的优势，（2）总结纳米颗粒物理化学特性对水蚤毒性的影响，（3）总结纳米颗粒（包括纳米塑料）对水蚤的影响以及毒性机制，（4）强调研究的不确定性，并推荐未来的方向，以更深入地了解纳米颗粒的归宿和毒性，并开发更安全、更可持续的纳米技术。
