Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal H3A 0C5, Quebec, Canada.
Department of Civil Engineering, McGill University, Montreal H3A 0C3, Quebec, Canada.
J Hazard Mater. 2023 Jul 5;453:131402. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131402. Epub 2023 Apr 11.
Tire wear particle (TWP) contamination is of growing concern as recent studies show the ubiquity and toxicity of this contaminant in various environmental compartments. The multidimensional aspect of TWPs makes it difficult to assess toxicity and predict impacts on ecosystems, as it combines a complex mixture of chemicals and can release micro- and nanoparticles when suspended in water. Our work aimed to shed light on the toxicity of the different components of TWP leachate, namely, the dissolved chemicals and the nanoparticle fractions, on three freshwater model species of different trophic levels: Chlorella vulgaris, Lemna minor, and Daphnia magna. Acute toxicity was observed for all three fractions in D. magna, and an additive effect was observed between the nanoparticles and dissolved chemicals. L. minor experienced phytotoxicity from the dissolved chemicals only with a decrease up to 50% in photosynthesis efficiency parameters. C. vulgaris showed minor signs of toxicity on apical endpoints in response to each of the fractions. Our study highlights that nanoparticles from TWP leachate that were mostly overlooked in several previous studies are as toxic as dissolved chemicals for the filter-feeder species D. magna, and we also show the toxicity to photosynthesis in aquatic plants.
轮胎磨损颗粒（TWP）污染越来越受到关注，因为最近的研究表明这种污染物在各种环境介质中无处不在且具有毒性。TWP 的多维度特点使其难以评估毒性并预测对生态系统的影响，因为它结合了复杂的化学物质混合物，并且当悬浮在水中时会释放出微纳米颗粒。我们的工作旨在阐明 TWP 浸出液的不同成分（即溶解的化学物质和纳米颗粒部分）对三种不同营养级别的淡水模式生物（小球藻、浮萍和大型溞）的毒性。所有三种成分对大型溞均表现出急性毒性，并且纳米颗粒和溶解化学物质之间存在相加效应。只有溶解的化学物质对浮萍表现出植物毒性，导致光合作用效率参数下降了高达 50%。小球藻对各部分的毒性反应仅表现出轻微的顶端终点迹象。我们的研究表明，TWP 浸出液中的纳米颗粒与滤食性物种大型溞的溶解化学物质一样具有毒性，我们还证明了它们对水生植物光合作用的毒性。
